叶片后掠对风轮结构与气动特性的影响研究  

RESEARCH ON EFFECTS OF STRUCTURE AND AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BACK-SWEPT BLADE WIND TURBINES

作　　者：王占飞 夏鸿建[1] 李德源[1] 冯云凌 Wang Zhanfei;Xia Hongjian;Li Deyuan;Feng Yunling(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2020年第11期285-292,共8页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51776044,51105079);广东省科技计划(2017A010104016);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2020A1515010844)。

摘　　要：针对风力机叶片后掠对其弯扭耦合特性和气动性能的影响进行研究。以某5 MW风力机直叶片为原型,以叶片积叠线为二次曲线,设计2种叶尖后掠量不同的后掠型叶片。运用"超级单元"方法,建立叶片动力学模型。通过叶片动力特性数值仿真,对比分析直叶片和后掠叶片固有频率和振型随后掠量的变化情况;通过静载数值实验,测量叶片各截面的弯曲和扭转角度,分析弯扭耦合系数沿积叠线分布规律及其与后掠量的关系;通过叶片气弹耦合数值分析,比较后掠叶片在各风速下的风轮功率特性和推力特性,以研究叶片后掠对风轮气动特性和载荷特性影响。分析表明:风力机后掠叶片具有明显的挥舞弯曲与扭转变形耦合特性,在输出功率、叶根力矩、扭矩、推力等风力机性能参数上也有明显变化。In this paper,the bending-twist coupling and aerodynamic characteristics of the back-swept blade are studied.For the example of a 5 MW wind turbine blade,and a quadratic curve is adopted to construct the stacking curve line,two kinds of back-swept blade are built.Based on the super-element method,the dynamic model of wind turbine blade is established.The natural frequency and mode shape of the straight blade and the two kinds of back-swept blade are analyzed to obtain the relationship between back-swept quantity and natural frequency.Furthermore,the static load numerical experiments are implemented,the bending and torsion angles of each section of the blade are measured,and the distribution of bending-twist coupling coefficient along the stacking curve are also computed on the different kinds of backswept blade.The aeroelastic-coupling numerical analysis is also conducted,the power and thrust of back-swept blade on different wind speeds are compared,and the aerodynamic and load characteristics of back-swept blade are studied.The results show that the back-swept turbine blade has evident characteristics of bending-twist coupling,and it has obvious effect on output power,blade root moment,torque and thrust of the wind turbine.

关 键 词：风力机 后掠叶片 气弹耦合 弯扭耦合 气弹响应 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]