基于双馈风力发电场虚拟惯量控制策略优化  

Optimization of Virtual Inertia Control Strategy Based on Doubly-fed Wind Farm

作　　者：颜湘武[1] 孙颖[1] 李晓宇[1] 虞婧 秦福伟 YAN Xiangwu;SUN Ying;LI Xiaoyu;YU Jing;QIN Fuwei(Hebei Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Microgrid,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省分布式储能与微网重点实验室,河北保定071003

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期42-51,共10页Journal of North China Electric Power University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：双馈感应风力发电机(DFIG)通常工作在最大功率点跟踪运行方式,风电机组未考虑对电网频率变化给予响应。传统虚拟惯量控制下的不同风电场根据统一的频率偏差给出相同的虚拟惯量出力,忽略了不同转速风机不同旋转动能的分布,转速过高(过低)的风电机组过度调节,会加重转速恢复的困难,也不利于系统频率稳定调节。在此基础上,提出了基于转速的虚拟惯量优化策略,频率下降(升高)时,根据旋转动能的分布提供惯量;频率恢复时,修改控制系数极性,帮助系统频率快速恢复,引入超级电容器作为备用功率,进行下垂控制参与一次调频。在MATLAB/Simulink中建立四机两区模型,通过仿真实验表明其惯量控制效果相较于常规虚拟惯量控制具有明显改善。Doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)usually works in the maximum power point tracking operation mode without responding to the grid frequency change.Under the traditional virtual inertia control,different wind farms provide the same virtual inertia output according to the uniform frequency deviation.Such control strategy overlooks the distribution of individual rotating kinetic energy and fan speed,leading to the consequence that and the over regulation of wind turbine with high(low)speed will impede the recovery of fan speed and the regulation of system frequency stability.On that basis,this paper proposes an alternative virtual inertia control with rotation speed considered.When the frequency changes,inertia is provided according to the distribution of rotational kinetic energy;when the frequency recovers,the polarity of the control coefficient is modified to help accelerate the system frequency recovery.Moreover,the super capacitor is introduced as the standby power rate for droop control to participate in primary frequency modulation.We also build a four-machine two-zone model in MATLAB/Simulink.The simulation results show that compared with the conventional virtual inertia control,the proposed alternative boasts better inertia control effect.

关 键 词：风力发电 虚拟惯量 转子动能 变系数控制 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]