珠江口瞬时水位解算方法研究及应用  

Application and research on instantaneous water level calculation method of Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：王小刚[1] 赵薛强[1] 许军[2] WANG Xiaogang;ZHAO Xueqiang;XU Jun(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning Surveying & Designing Co.,Ltd., Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, China;Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510610 [2]山东科技大学,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2020年第11期117-124,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：水利部珠江河口四期水下地形测量项目资助(2017-394)。

摘　　要：为实现珠江口及邻近海域的瞬时水位获取,使得水位解算成果的精度达到工程实践的应用化需求,采用数值模拟与同化技术、余水位传递法和空间多面函数法等多种技术方法,构建了基于区域潮汐模型与余水位传递和多站水位改正的瞬时水位解算方法,并采用检核站验证法、长期水位站评估法和GPS定位技术对珠江口的水位解算成果精度进行评估。研究成果中的潮汐模型分辨率为1′×1′、精度为44 mm,水位推算最大差值为49 mm,均优于国内外模型;水下地形测量成果的水位改正中误差在±0.14 m以内,精度满足规范要求。该方法可快速解算区域内任何位置高精度的瞬时水位,为水深测量、限制水域船舶乘潮通行和深度基准面模型构建等方面提供瞬时水位,并可在中国近海河口及港湾推广应用。In order to obtain the instantaneous water level of the Pearl River Estuary and make the accuracy of water level calculation results meet the application requirements of engineering practice,using numerical simulation and assimilation technology,residual water level transfer method and spatial polyhedral function method,this study presented the instantaneous water level calculation method,according to precise tidal model and residual water level transfer method and the multi-station water level correction model.We took advantage of various methods based on long term tide station method,water level inspection station method and GPS method to check accuracy of achievements in the Pearl River Estuary.The resolution of the tidal model was 1′×1′,and the accuracy was 44 mm,the maximum difference of water level calculation results was 49 mm,which was better than the international model.Medium error of water level correction results of bathymetric data was within±0.14 m.The accuracy could meet the corresponding requirement.This method could solve high-accuracy instantaneous water level data any where in the study area,provide instantaneous water level data for bathymetric survey,restrict the passage of ships in water area by tide,construction of depth datum model,and be applied to estuaries and harbours in Chinese coastal waters.

关 键 词：瞬时水位 数值模拟 同化技术 余水位 潮汐模型 水位解算 

分 类 号：P332.3[天文地球—水文科学]