提取西南少数民族葫芦笙“穿匏达本”技术优化汉族笙发音结构的研究  

An experimental study on the optimization of the sound structure of the Sheng with the technique of“transverting gourdaben”of hulusheng(gourd-made-sheng),a musical instrument from southwest China

作　　者：张莉 王其书 晏景晟 徐勇 ZHANG Li;WANG Qi-shu;YAN Jing-sheng;XU Yong(Institute for Musical Instrument Research,Southwest Research Center for Music,Chengdu 610021,China;Department of Folk Music,Sichuan Conservatory of Music,Chengdu 610021,China;Chinese Folk Band,Sichuan Conservatory of Music,Chengdu 610021,China)

机构地区：[1]西南音乐研究中心乐器研究所,四川成都610021 [2]四川音乐学院民乐系,四川成都610021 [3]四川音乐学院民族乐团,四川成都610021

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期648-656,共9页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2015四川省教育厅重点科研项目(15ZA0323)。

摘　　要：本研究的主要目标是使用“穿匏达本”技术完成一管一簧多音的改良笙———全称“穿斗式多音笙管笙”,简称穿斗笙.其主要研究内容是如何将西南少数民族葫芦笙的特有结构“穿匏达本”合理的运用到汉族笙上.为此,将在两种笙的成音机理及音频关系上进行可行性分析,并在制作工艺、笙簧的材质和结构形制的改造、管材的选择、簧管的耦合、笙斗的整体结构和音位设计上做全面的研究和实验.使之成为少数民族葫芦笙和汉族笙的巧妙结合体,它就像杂交水稻一样,是一个混血儿,有着无限的生命力.研制成功的成品穿斗笙其特点是:管少、音多、音域宽,与相同音域改良笙比较重量轻、音色柔和优美、结构相对简单,便于演奏.系列化后,将在丰富民族乐队管乐声部,特别是中、低音声部的位置产生影响,为声部的平衡,民族乐队的交响化方面做出贡献.The main objective of this study is to use the technique of"[1]perforating the bagatabun"to complete an improved one-pipe-one-reed multi-tone sheng,the full name for which is"tenon through/perforated multi-tone sheng",or"Tenon through/perforated sheng"for short.The main research content is how to reasonably apply"[1]perforating the bagatabun"-the unique structure of Hulusheng(gourd-made-sheng),a musical instrument from southwest China ethnic minority regions to the sheng,a musical instrument of the Han people.To this end,the feasibility analysis will be made about the mechanism and relationship of the audio of the two kinds sheng,and comprehensive research and experiments will be made on the production technology,material and structure modification of the reed,the selection of pipe material,the coupling of the pipes,and the overall structure and positions design of the sheng body.It is an ingenious combination of the hulusheng(gourd-made-sheng)of the ethnic minority people and the sheng of the Han poeple.Just like hybrid rice and a mixed-race child with infinite vitality.The developed tenon through/perforated sheng is characterized by fewer pipes,more sounds and a wider range.Compared with the other improved instrument of the same range,it is lighter in weight,has a softer and more beautiful tone,and has a relatively simpler structure,which is easier to play.After series of products being made,they will have an effect on enriching the positions of the wind part of a folk band,especially the middle and bass parts,and make contributions to the balance of the parts and the symphonic development of the Chinese folk band.

关 键 词：穿匏达本 一管一簧 多音 重量轻 结构形制 

分 类 号：O42[理学—声学] TS953.22[理学—物理]