烟嘧磺隆多元复配除草剂对3种非靶标植物的影响  

The effects of nicosulfuron multi-compound herbicides on three non-target plants

作　　者：林涛[1,2,3] 曾兆华 陈艺欣[1,2,3] 石建亭 杨风花[1] 游泳 LIN Tao;ZENG Zhaohua;CHEN Yixin;SHI Jianting;YANG Fenghua;YOU Yong(Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室,福建福州350013 [3]农业农村部福州作物有害生物科学观测实验站,福建福州350013

出　　处：《武夷科学》2020年第2期94-101,共8页Wuyi Science Journal

基　　金：福建省农业科学院青年人才自由探索创新项目(AA2018-18);福建省农业科学院青年科技创新团队项目(STIT20117-3-2)。

摘　　要：烟嘧磺隆复配剂被广泛应用于玉米田除草,为了评价其对非靶标植物的影响效应,明确烟嘧磺隆复配剂的环境风险,以小麦、绿豆和甘蓝为试验对象,在对照组出苗率达到50%后的第14天,分别测定8%烟嘧·氯吡嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂、16%烟嘧·硝磺·氯吡嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂、36%烟嘧·莠去津可分散油悬浮剂和22%烟嘧·氯吡·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯可分散油悬浮剂对3种非靶标植物的半效应浓度(EC50),并选择最敏感指标进行评价。4种复配剂对小麦的EC50有效成分分别为0.029、0.062、0.078和0.053 mg·kg-1(高毒),对绿豆的EC50有效成分分别为0.995、0.149、0.154和0.157 mg·kg-1(中毒),对甘蓝的EC50有效成分分别为0. 004 0 mg·kg-1(剧毒)、0.001 1 mg·kg-1(剧毒)、0. 031 0 mg·kg-1(高毒)和0.002 0 mg·kg-1(剧毒)。4种烟嘧磺隆复配剂对小麦、绿豆和甘蓝等仍具有较高的毒性,在甘蓝等蔬菜田需谨慎施用。This study evaluated the effects of nicosulfuron multi-compound herbicides,commonly used in maize field weeding,on non-target plants to determine the environmental risks. Three non-target plants( Triticum aestivum,Phaseolus aureus, and Brassica oleracea) were treated with multi-compound herbicides [8% nicosulfuron·halosulfuron-methyl oil dispersion( OD);16% nicosulfuron·mesotrione·halosulfuron-methyl OD;36% nicosulfuron·atrazine OD;22% nicosulfuron-halosulfuron-methyl·fluroxypyr-meptyl OD]. The median effective concentrations( EC50) were determined 14 d after the control plant emergence rate reached 50%. The effects were evaluated using a sensitivity index. The EC50 values were 0.029,0.062,0.078,and 0.053 mg·kg-1( high toxicity) for T. aestivum,respectively. The EC50 values were 0.995,0. 149,0. 154,and 0. 157 mg·kg-1( medium toxicity) for P. aureus,respectively. The EC50 values were 0.004 0 mg · kg-1( hypertoxicity), 0.001 1 mg·kg-1( hypertoxicity),0.031 0 mg·kg-1( high toxicity),and 0.002 0 mg·kg-1( hypertoxicity) for B. oleracea,respectively. Nicosulfuron and methyl were toxic to T. aestivum,P. aureus,and B. oleracea. Therefore,herbicides should be applied sparingly in vegetable fields,such as cabbage.

关 键 词：烟嘧磺隆 复配 小麦 绿豆 甘蓝 毒性 

分 类 号：S451.2[农业科学—植物保护]