从《侵权责任法》第87条到《民法典》第1254条:“高空抛(坠)物”致人损害责任规则的进步  

From Article 87 of Tort Law to Article 1254 of the Civil Code:The Improvement of the Tort Law for Harm Caused by Throwing(Falling)Objects from Buildings

作　　者：张新宝[1] 张馨天 Zhang Xinbao;Zhang Xintian

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2020年第6期91-104,共14页Journal of Comparative Law

摘　　要：《侵权责任法》第87条一直是一个备受关注且存在较大争议的条文。《民法典》侵权责任编第1254条通过对从建筑物抛掷(坠落)物品侵权责任规则的利益再衡量,在结合我国现阶段社会实际情况和司法实践经验的基础上,采用行为规范与裁判规则相结合、多方参与的综合治理创新模式,强调法律条文的行为规范作用与裁判功能并重,设定物业服务企业的安全保障义务和相关责任以及公安机关的调查职责,力求在查清事实的基础上实现个案的公平正义,为此类纠纷的预防和处理提供了比较完善的规则。As article 87 of Tort Law was highly controversial and had caused wide concern,Article 1254 of the Volume of Tort Liability in the Civil Code has re-balanced the interests addressed by the tort law for harm caused by throwing(falling)objects from buildings.In consideration of the social context and practical judicial experience at the present stage in China,it has adopted an innovative model of comprehensive governance that involves the participation of multiple parties and the combination of the code of conduct and the rules of judgment,which gives equal weight to the normative role of legal provisions and the function of the judgment.It specifies on one hand the security obligations and the responsibilities that shall be undertaken by the property management and service enterprises,and on the other hand the duties of investigation to be performed by public security organs,so as to achieve equity and justice in individual cases and provide optimal rules for the prevention and settlement of similar disputes.

关 键 词：高空抛(坠)物 损害责任 物业服务企业的安全保障义务 民法典侵权责任编 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]