文士文化视阈下的希伯来智慧文学研究:主题、形式与思想观念  

Research on Hebrew Wisdom Literature in the Perspective of Scribal Culture:Themes,Formats,and Ideas

作　　者：张若一 ZHANG Ruoyi

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学文学研究院

出　　处：《国外文学》2020年第4期39-48,154,共11页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“文士文化与希伯来先知文学研究”(项目编号:2019M661586);国家社科基金重大项目“希伯来文学经典与古代地中海文化圈内文学、文化交流研究”(项目编号:15ZDB088)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：学界近年来的研究表明,希伯来智慧文学的发生演化、文学主题、文本形式与思想观念,都与文士阶层息息相关,该阶层是古代以色列社会中专司文献书写的特殊群体,是犹太经典《塔纳赫》与其他古典文献的创作者。智慧文学是文士阶层特别钟爱的文学类型,究其原因,一方面,该文类是文士教育课程中的重要内容,对文士的文学技巧、审美趣味与思想观念影响深远;另一方面,文士阶层为了维持自身较高的社会地位与强大的文化影响力,亦在职业生涯中创作了大量的智慧文学,表达自身对智慧的独特理解与思考。因此,若要对希伯来智慧文学进行系统深入的探讨,势必要从作者系统出发,采取文士文化这一研究视阈,而这正是本文的基本进路。Hebrew studies in recent decades show that the origin,evolution,themes,formats,and ideas of Hebrew wisdom literature are closely connected with the scribal class.The scribal class was a specific social group in Israelite communities,and it was this group that composed Tanach and other classics.The genre of wisdom literature was deeply affected by scribes.On the one hand,it played a significant role in the courses of scribal education and influenced deeply the scribes’literary techniques,aesthetic interests,and ideas.On the other hand,in order to maintain a respectable social status and cultural influence,the scribes also composed many works of wisdom literature.Thus,it is necessary to study Hebrew wisdom literature from the perspective of the scribal culture.

关 键 词：希伯来智慧文学 《塔纳赫》 文士文化 犹太文学经典 

分 类 号：I106.99[文学—世界文学]