小麦种质材料赤霉病抗性鉴定及遗传多样性分析  

Identification of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Wheat Germplasm Materials

作　　者：朱靖环[1] 王其飞 华为[1] 徐芹 ZHU Jinghuan;WANG Qifei;HUA Wei;XU Qin(Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China;College Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2020年第12期1461-1471,共11页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0100800);浙江省农业(粮食)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050-9)。

摘　　要：为筛选小麦抗赤霉病优异种质,探究不同抗源的亲缘关系,以苏麦3号、扬麦158和矮抗58分别作为高抗、中抗和高感对照,2017-2018年采用病麦粒土表接种法从345个小麦育成品种(系)中初步筛选出94个抗赤霉材料,2018-2019年在此基础上对这94个品种(系)再次进行病麦粒土表接种和单花滴注接种鉴定,并进行SSR分子标记遗传多样性分析,同时对综合鉴定表现抗赤霉病的品种(系)进行农艺性状调查。结果表明,初选的94个品种(系)中分别有51、41和2个品种(系)中抗、中感和高感赤霉病。包括3个对照在内的97个品种(系)间遗传距离为0.02~0.74,平均为0.42;通过UPGMA聚类将97个品种(系)划分为7个类群,51个中抗品种(系)分布在Ⅰ至Ⅶ类群中,其数量分别为15、13、14、2、1、1和5个,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ类群中的分布数量占品种(系)总数的82.4%;51个中抗品种(系)的农艺性状变异较大,Y608、庆丰188、宁丰518、明麦7号、宁麦资15116、金运麦4号、zhb003、科运麦1611和华鉴麦3号等9个品种(系)的综合农艺性状表现良好,生育期适中,株高在74.67~84.67 cm,单株产量和千粒重分别都在7.5和45 g以上。In order to identify and screen excellent germplasm of wheat resistant to Fusarium head blight(FHB)and to explore the genetic relationship between different resistant wheat varieties,using Sumai 3 as a highly resistant control variety,Yangmai 158 as a moderately resistant control and Aikang 58 as a highly susceptible control,94 wheat varieties(lines),which showed resistance for FHB by artificial soil surface inoculating method,were again identified by artificial soil surface inoculating method together with single spike inoculating method;the genetic diversity of all the tested varieties(lines)was analyzed with SSR(Simple Sequence Repeats,SSR)molecular markers;and we investigated the agronomic characters of the wheat varieties(lines)which were resistant to FHB in the combined identification of artificial soil surface inoculating and single spike inoculating.The result show that 51 wheat varieties(lines)in all the determined ones were moderately resistant to FHB,41 ones were moderately susceptible and 2 ones were highly susceptible.Based on analysis of the SSR markers polymorphism,the variation of genetic distances among 97 wheat varieties(lines)including 3 control ones was 0.02-0.74 with an average of 0.42,and 97 wheat ones were clustered in 7 different groups in UPGMA(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA)dendrogram;51 wheat varieties(lines)resistant to FHB were distributed in all the seven genetic groups with 15,13,14,2,1,1 and 5 inⅠtoⅦgroup,and 82.4%of them were included inⅠtoⅢgenetic group.A greater variation were found in primary agronomic characters of 51 resistant wheat varieties(lines),in which 9 ones such as Y608,Qingfeng 188,Ningfeng 518,Mingmai 7,Ningmaizi 15116,Jinyunmai 4,zhb003,Keyunmai 1611 and Huajianmai 3 possessed better comprehensive agronomic traits with a appropriate growth period,plant height of 74.67-84.67 cm,thousand grain weight of more over 45 g and grain weight per plant of more over 7.5 g.

关 键 词：小麦 赤霉病 抗源筛选 SSR 遗传多样性分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330