基于简化基因组测序高粱育种材料亲缘关系的分析  

Genetic Relationship Analysis of Sorghum Breeding Materials Based on Simplified Genome Sequencing

作　　者：张一中 范昕琦[1] 杨慧勇 张晓娟 邵强 梁笃 郭琦 柳青山[1] 杜维俊 ZHANG Yi-zhong;FAN Xin-qi;YANG Hui-yong;ZHANG Xiao-juan;SHAO Qiang;LIANG Du;GUO Qi;LIU Qing-shan;DU Wei-jun(Sorghum Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural university(Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences)/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation,Yuci 030600;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学(山西省农业科学院)高粱研究所高粱遗传与种质创新山西省重点实验室,榆次030600 [2]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第12期21-33,共13页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：山西省青年基金(201801D221254);晋中市科技重点研发计划(Y192016);山西省农业科学院杂粮分子育种平台专项(YGC2019FZ5);山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc030);山西省高等学校创新能力提升计划(晋教科[2016]5号)。

摘　　要：探明高粱育种材料的遗传结构和亲缘关系,为今后高粱杂交育种、种质创新及杂种优势群构建提供理论依据。采用简化基因组测序技术(Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing,SLAF-seq)对37份高粱材料进行测序,以高粱(Sorghum bicolor_v3.1)基因组为参考基因组进行酶切预测,以水稻品种日本晴为对照进行比对分析,开发单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)标记并将其应用于育种材料的遗传结构和亲缘关系分析。结果表明,从37份高粱材料中共获得106.19 Mb的读长数据,不同材料的读长个数在1461206-4628462;对照数据的双端比对效率为92.15%,酶切效率为89.69%,SLAF建库正常。测序质量值Q30平均为89.60%,所有样品GC含量均值为45.71%,共开发了226724个SLAF标签,其中多态性SLAF标签有105053个,通过序列分析共获得185451个有效标记。群体遗传结构分析和主成分分析都将37份高粱育种材料划分为2个类群,保持系和国外材料聚为一类,恢复系和中国材料聚为一类,分群结果与实际系谱基本相符。根据SNP标记估算材料间的遗传距离,距离值范围为0.0098-0.8841,L2R与L17R遗传距离最小,3765白B与L17R遗传距离最大。本研究明确了部分外引材料的血缘关系,并发现都拉类型、卡佛尔/顶尖类型的不育系与倾中国高粱的恢复系亲缘关系最远,在高粱杂交育种选配亲本上应加以重视。The objective of this study is to explore the genetic structure and relationship of sorghum breeding materials,and to provide theoretical basis for crossbreeding,germplasm innovation and heterosis group construction in the future.Specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)was used to sequence 37 sorghum materials.The sorghum genome(Sorghum_bicolor_v3.1)was used as the reference genome for enzyme digestion prediction and the Nipponbare rice were as the control,and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers were developed and applied to genetic structure and genetic relationship analysis of breeding materials.Results showed that 106.19 Mb reads length data were obtained by sequencing from the 37 sorghum materials.The reads of the samples varied from 1461206 to 4628462.The paired-end mapped reads efficiency of the control data was 92.15%,the enzyme digestion efficiency was 89.69%,which indicated that SLAF database was normal.The average quality of sequencing Q30 was 89.60%,and the average GC content of all samples was 45.71%.A total of 226724 SLAF tags were developed,of which 105053 were polymorphic SLAF tags.A total 185451 effective single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were obtained by sequence analysis.Based on these SNPs,37 sorghum breeding materials were divided into two groups by genetic structure analysis and principal component analysis.The maintenance lines and foreign materials were grouped into one,the restoration lines and Chinese materials were grouped into another one,and the grouping result was basically consistent with the actual genealogy.The genetic distance between materials was estimated based on SNP markers and the distance ranged from 0.0098 to 0.8841.The genetic distance between L2R and L17R was the smallest,and the genetic distance between 3765 white B and L17R was the largest.In this study,the blood relationship of some foreign materials was clarified.It was further found that the sterility lines of Durra and Kafir-caudatum were most distantly related to trend Kaoliang restoration

关 键 词：高粱 SLAF-seq 育种材料 遗传结构 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]