河北省流行性乙型脑炎纳入免疫规划前后流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis before and after introduction of Japanese encephalitis vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization in Hebei province

作　　者：魏亚梅 韩旭[1] 蔡亚男[1] 韩占英[1] 张艳波[1] 刘世友 许永刚[1] 齐顺祥[1] 李琦[1] Wei Yamei;Han Xu;Cai Yanan;Han Zhanying;Zhang Yanbo;Liu Shiyou;Xu Yonggang;Qi Shunxiang;Li Qi(Institute of Prevention and Control for Viral Diseases,Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心病毒病防治所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2020年第5期509-512,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：流行性脑脊髓膜炎和流行性乙型脑炎等疾病监测合作项目;河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20180937、20200685)。

摘　　要：目的分析河北省流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)在乙脑疫苗纳入免疫规划(Expanded Program on Immunization,EPI)前后的流行特征变化。方法通过中国传染病信息报告管理系统和乙脑监测信息报告管理系统收集河北省乙脑疫苗纳入EPI前后(2004-2007年和2008-2019年)乙脑报告病例,比较乙脑发病特征。结果河北省2004-2007年、2008-2019年乙脑年均报告发病率分别为0.075/10万(204例)、0.053/10万(453例)。<15岁儿童病例构成、发病率从2004-2007年的62.25%(127/204)、0.240/10万下降到2008-2019年的24.06%(109/453)、0.070/10万;≥40岁病例构成、发病率从2004-2007年的19.61%(40/204)、0.040/10万上升到2008-2019年的50.77%(230/453)、0.060/10万。结论河北省乙脑疫苗纳入EPI后儿童乙脑发病率下降,≥40岁人群成为高风险人群。需探索实施成人乙脑免疫策略和健康教育措施。Objective To analyze Japanese encephalitis(JE)incidences before and after introducing JE vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization(EPI)in Hebei province.Methods We obtained data on JE cases before and after introducing JE vaccine into EPI(2004-2007 and 2008-2019)in Hebei that had been reported to the Chinese Infectious Disease Information System and the JE Surveillance Information System;we estimated JE incidence rates and compared incidence before and after JE vaccine introduction.Results The annual average reported incidence was 0.075 per 100000 population(204 cases)in 2004-2007 and 0.053 per 100000(453 cases)in 2008-2019.The proportion and incidence of JE for<15-year-old children decreased from 62.25%(127/204)and 0.240 per 100000 in 2004-2007 to 24.06%(109/453)and 0.070 per 100000 in 2008-2019;the proportion and incidence among≥40-year-olds increased from 19.61%(40/204)and 0.040 per 100000 in 2004-2007 to 50.77%(230/453)and 0.060 per 100000 in 2008-2019.Conclusions JE incidence among children decreased after JE vaccine was introduced into EPI in Hebei;≥40-year-olds became a higher-risk population.We should explore adult JE vaccination and health education strategies.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 免疫规划 流行特征 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]