水系可充锌电池的发展及挑战  

Development and challenges of aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries

作　　者：周江[1,2] 单路通 唐博雅 梁叔全[1,2] Jiang Zhou;Lutong Shan;Boya Tang;Shuquan Liang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学电子封装及先进功能材料湖南省重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第32期3562-3584,共23页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51932011,51972346,51802356);中南大学创新驱动项目(2020CX024)资助。

摘　　要：能源的高效利用和可再生能源的发展迫切需要开发高安全、低成本、长寿命大规模储能新技术.该技术的突破将对未来能源结构调整以及智能电网建设具有极其重要的战略影响.综合安全、成本、环保等因素,水系可充锌电池将成为下一代安全储能系统重要备选.本文综述了水系可充锌电池的研究进展,对该体系面临的问题及解决方案进行了讨论及总结,并提出了未来的研究发展方向.开发固态/凝胶电解质有望解决水系可充锌电池面临的如电极材料溶解、锌负极枝晶生长、钝化、腐蚀以及副反应等一系列问题.此外,开发兼具高电压和高容量的正极材料、对锌负极进行改性优化也是高性能水系可充锌电池进一步发展的方向.With the rapid consumption of fossil energy resources and the increasing pollution problems,the efficient use of energy and the development of renewable energy sources is urgently needed,which demand for the large-scale electrical energy storage system with properties of high-security,low-cost,environmentally benign,remarkable capacity and long-life span.In this regard,achieving some breakthroughs in this system will have extremely important strategic impacts on future energy structure adjustments and smart grid construction.Although lithium ion battery has dominated the energy market for decades,the intrinsic drawbacks of high cost and safety issues,to a great extent,impedes its utilization in scale-up energy storage system.And recent years witnessed the significant progress of rechargeable multivalent metal ions batteries,such as Mg2+-ion,Al3+-ion,Ca2+-ion and Zn2+-ion batteries.With the unique features of high safety,low-cost,environmental friendly,abundant resources stockpile,low redox potential(–0.76 V vs.SHE),high capacity(up to 820 m Ah g–1 theoretically)and energy density(5851 m Ah m L-1)of metallic Zn as well as remarkable ionic conductivity of aqueous electrolyte,aqueous rechargeable zinc battery has attracted plenty of interest in recent years and exhibits great potential to be an important candidate for the next generation of high-safe and large scale energy storage system.Many researchers have paid great attention to the development of high performance aqueous rechargeable zinc battery system,including cathode materials,electrolytes and anode.And some great achievements have been obtained.Henceforth,in this review,we have systematically reviewed the research progress of aqueous rechargeable zinc battery,summarized and discussed the existing problems faced by this system and the related solutions.Based on the author’s best knowledge and understanding of aqueous rechargeable zinc battery,we have looked forward to its future research direction and made some perspectives,which is expected to pave t

关 键 词：高安全 规模储能 水系可充锌电池 电极材料 电解质 能量存储机制 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]