柑橘4种砧木幼苗对铜过量胁迫的生理响应与耐受性差异  

Physiological Response and Tolerance to Copper Toxicity of Four Citrus Rootstock Seedlings

作　　者：王敏 袁梦[1] 朱攀攀[1] 凌丽俐[1] 何义仲 付行政[1] 彭良志[1] WANG Min;YUAN Meng;ZHU Panpan;LING Lili;HE Yizhong;FU Xingzheng;PENG Liangzhi(Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University,National Citrus Engineering Research Center,Chongqing 400712,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所,国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712

出　　处：《园艺学报》2020年第10期1969-1981,共13页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0202006,2017YFD0202002);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-26-01A)。

摘　　要：为探究不同柑橘砧木的铜过量胁迫耐性差异,分析砧木铜过量胁迫的生理响应,试验选用4种常用的柑橘砧木枳、资阳香橙、红橘和沙田柚180d实生苗为材料,用1.5(对照)、7.5、37.5、187.5和937.5μmol·L-1的CuSO4溶液进行处理。结果显示,高浓度CuSO4处理导致叶绿素含量和光合能力下降,叶片细胞相对电导率和MDA含量值显著上升;SOD、POD酶活性上升;高浓度下,砧木对K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn和Zn营养元素的吸收和转运下降。高CuSO4处理导致砧木叶片黄化脱落,根系褐变短小,生长受阻,严重时死亡。不同砧木对CuSO4过量胁迫耐受性差异明显,枳最先出现新叶失绿、老叶落叶、生长量下降和光合等生理指标下降,随后依次为沙田柚、红橘和资阳香橙。主成分分析和隶属函数综合分析显示,资阳香橙对铜过量胁迫耐性最强,红橘其次,沙田柚再次,枳对铜过量胁迫最敏感。In order to explore the different tolerance to copper toxicity among different citrus rootstocks,and analyze the physiological responses of the citrus rootstocks seedlings under copper excess stress,180-day-old seedlings of four citrus rootstocks including trifoliate orange[Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf],Ziyang Xiangcheng[Citrus junos(Sieb.)Tanaka],red tangerine[Citrus tangerina Hort.ex Tanaka]and Shatian pomelo[Citrus grandis(L.)Osb.‘Shatianyou’]were used as materials.The plants were treated with CuSO4 solution of 1.5(control),7.5,37.5,187.5 and 937.5 mmol·L-1.The results showed that the content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity decreased under high concentration treatment,and the relative conductivity and MDA content of leaf cells increased significantly.The activities of SOD,POD increased.Under high concentration,the effect of rootstock on uptake and transport of K,P,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn and Zn decreased.The high copper concentration caused the leaves to turn yellow and fall off,the roots to turn brown and short,the growth of rootstocks was blocked,and even died.The tolerance of different rootstocks to excessive copper stress was significantly different.Trifoliate orange was the first rootstock to show the decline of physiological indexes such as new leaf chlorosis,old leaf abscission,growth and photosynthetic capacity.Then,the Shatian pomelo,red tangerine,and Ziyang Xiangcheng seedlings appeared toxic symptoms in turn.The principal component analysis and subordinate function analysis were performed to evaluate the stress tolerance.The results showed that Ziyang Xiangcheng exhibited the strongest tolerance to excessive copper stress,followed by red tangerine and Shatian pomelo,and trifoliate orange was the most sensitive to excessive copper stress.

关 键 词：柑橘 砧木 铜过量 耐受性 生理生化指标 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]