乡村文化认同的危机与重建  

Crisis and reconstruction of rural cultural identity

作　　者：张良 ZHANG Liang(Rural Social Construction and Management Research Center,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;School of International Affairs and Public Administration,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《周口师范学院学报》2020年第6期62-70,共9页Journal of Zhoukou Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“城镇化进程中的社会主义新农村文化建设研究”(13CKS026);国务院扶贫办全国扶贫宣传教育中心重大招标项目“西北区域县、村脱贫攻坚经验总结”(TC190F4WF)。

摘　　要：乡村文化认同是吸引中青年农民参与乡村建设的重要条件,是实施乡村振兴战略的心理基础和情感基础。当前出现了较为严重的乡村文化认同危机,是长期以来在集体化、市场化、城镇化、信息化等因素综合作用下而形成的。乡村文化认同的重建需要从物质基础、主体基础和文化调适三方面着手。其中,良好的物质条件是重建乡村文化认同的前提条件,但远非充分条件。文化认同是一个复杂的心理活动和情感意识,是认同主体与既有文化之间相互形塑、互相建构的结果,乡村文化认同的重建还需要通过乡村教育、农民参与、新乡贤文化建设等方式,强化农村儿童少年、中青年、老年人等各类主体的乡村文化认同;也需要乡村文化自身在现代化过程中做出适当的调适,与城镇化、市场化和信息化的现代社会进行有机衔接,在保持乡土特色的同时获取更为强大的生命力和吸引力,以赢得更多农民的持续认同。Rural cultural identity is an important condition of attracting young and middle-aged farmers to participate in rural construction,at the same time it is the psychological and emotional basis for implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy.There is a serious crisis of rural cultural identity,which has been formed under the combined effect of collectivization,marketization,urbanization,and informationization for a long time.The reconstruction of rural cultural identity needs to start from three aspects:material foundation,subject foundation and cultural adjustment.Among them,good material conditions are a prerequisite for rebuilding rural cultural identity,but they are far from sufficient.Cultural identity is a complex psychological activity and emotional consciousness,which is the result of mutual shaping and mutual construction between the identity subject and the existing culture.The reconstruction of rural cultural identity also needs to strengthen the rural cultural identity of various subjects such as rural children,adolescents,the young and middle-aged,and the elderly through rural education,farmers' participation,and the construction of new squire culture;Appropriate adjustments should be made organically by rural culture itself in order to link up with the modern society of urbanization,marketization and informationization,and if so,rural culture can gain stronger vitality and attractiveness while maintaining the characteristics of the local soil,so as to win the continued recognition of more farmers.

关 键 词：乡村文化认同 危机与重建 物质基础 主体基础 文化调适 

分 类 号：D035.5[政治法律—政治学]