基于射线照相的X射线衰减系数测量方法研究  

Research on X-ray Attenuation Coefficient Measurement Method Based on Radiography

作　　者：喻拓夏 奚清[1] 杨丹 YU Tuo-xia;XI Qing;YANG Dan(China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang,Sichuan 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《计量学报》2020年第11期1431-1435,共5页Acta Metrologica Sinica

摘　　要：提出了一种通过射线照相法计算X射线在物质中衰减系数的方法,通过简单实验以及计算快速获取不同能量X射线在物质中的衰减系数。设计实验找出了底片黑度与工件厚度的关系曲线,推导出表达式,并得出表达式的可信区间。用射线照相法实测了管电压为140、130、120 kV时钢质台阶试块的X射线衰减系数与理论值对比,其标准误差<3%,证明了该方法的可靠性。射线照相法求物质衰减系数计算简单、操作便捷、误差小,有望推广应用于材料中X射线衰减系数的估算。A method for calculating the attenuation coefficient of X-rays in matter by radiography was proposed.The attenuation coefficient of X-rays with different energies in matter was quickly obtained through simple experiments and calculation.The design experiment found out the relation curve between the blackness of the negative and the thickness of the workpiece,deduced the expression,and obtained the confidence interval of the expression.The X-ray attenuation coefficients of steel stepped test block at 140 kV,130 kV and 120 kV tube voltages were measured by radiographic method.The standard errors were less than 3%,which proved the reliability of the method.The X-ray radiography method is simple in calculation,convenient in operation and small in error.It is expected to be widely applied to the estimation of X-ray attenuation coefficient in materials.

关 键 词：计量学 X射线 衰减系数 射线照相法 底片黑度 

分 类 号：TB98[一般工业技术—计量学]