直接测量活体环节重量及重心位置的理论与方法探究  

Assessment of the Center of Gravity in the Living Human Segment:Theory and Method

作　　者：金季春[1] 肖丹丹[2] 李世明[3] JIN Jichun;XIAO Dandan;LI Shiming(College of Human Movement Sciences,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Department of Physical Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京100084 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [3]中国海洋大学体育系,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《体育科学》2020年第9期83-88,共6页China Sport Science

摘　　要：通过人体在平衡板上改变不同肢体环节的位置,测量总重心位置变化,依据力矩平衡关系,计算人体多个运动环节重量和重心位置。计算方法利用了分重心与总重心联动关系和“金三角”关联关系。“金三角”即人体左右两个环节转动所绕的关节中心与人体其余不动环节的重心构成的三角形。该方法可推算人体15个运动环节(左右下肢、左右大腿、左右小腿加足、左右上肢、左右上臂、左右前臂加手、头、上躯干、骨盆)的重量及重心位置。“金三角”的提出,抛砖引玉,为深入研究人体环节重心运动规律提供了理论探讨的依据,以期能引起运动员表现提升、康复机器人研发、探索生命规律等方面的广泛讨论。The purpose of this study was to assess the center of gravity of the whole body on a balance plate in a resting position as well as after changing the position of different limbs,in an attempt to calculate the weight and center of gravity of multiple segments of the human body according to the torque balance relationship.This method uses the law of the linkage between the partial center of gravity and the total center of gravity as well as the relation of the“golden triangle”.The“golden triangle”in this context is defined as the triangle formed when the left and right limb of the human body rotate around the center of the joint and the center of gravity of the rest of the body.As such,this method can calculate the weight and center of gravity position of 15 human segments(left and right lower limbs,left and right thighs,left and right calves plus feet,left and right upper limbs,left and right upper arms,left and right forearms plus hands,head,upper torso and pelvis).The proposal of the“Golden triangle”provides a theoretical basis for the indepth study of the law of center of gravity in body segments.Thus,we aim to stimulate a discussion on the assessment of center of gravity of body segments,which can be used to improve athletes performance,rehabilitation strategies after disease or injury,enhance the development of robots and further support the exploration of the law of life.

关 键 词：环节重心 活体测量 几何推算 金三角 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]