饲料糖脂比对养成中期吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体成分和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate to Lipid Ratio on Growth Performance,Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia in Growth Mid-Stage

作　　者：吴凡[1] 田娟[1] 喻丽娟[1] 蒋明[1] 刘伟[1] 陆星[1] 文华[1] WU Fan;TIAN Juan;YU Lijuan;JIANG Ming;LIU Wei;LU Xing;WEN Hua(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第12期5805-5815,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料糖脂比对养成中期吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体成分和血清生化指标的影响。配制糖脂比分别为1.59、2.41、3.68、5.72、10.16、22.79的6种等氮等能试验饲料。将360尾吉富罗非鱼[(79.76±1.93)g]随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。试验期56 d。结果表明:1)糖脂比为3.68、5.72和10.16组的增重率和特定生长率显著高于糖脂比为1.59、2.41和22.79组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为3.68和5.72组的饲料效率显著高于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、10.16和22.79组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的脏体比、肝体比和肠系膜脂肪指数显著低于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68和5.72组(P<0.05)。2)糖脂比为22.79组的全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68和5.72组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的肝脏粗蛋白质含量显著高于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68和5.72组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的肝脏粗脂肪含量显著低于糖脂比为1.59、2.41和3.68组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的肝糖原含量显著高于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68、5.72和10.16组(P<0.05)。3)糖脂比为10.16和22.79组的血清总胆固醇含量显著低于糖脂比为1.59和2.41组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的血清甘油三酯含量和碱性磷酸酶活性显著低于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68和5.72组(P<0.05)。糖脂比为22.79组的血清葡萄糖含量显著高于糖脂比为1.59、2.41、3.68、5.72和10.16组(P<0.05)。分别利用二次回归分析吉富罗非鱼的增重率和饲料效率与饲料糖和粗脂肪水平的相关性,得到饲料中适宜糖脂比分别为5.84和4.95。由此可见,养成中期吉富罗非鱼饲料中适宜糖脂比为4.95~5.84。The object of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio on growth performance,body composition and serum biochemical indices of genetic improvement of farmed tilapia in growth mid-stage.The carbohydrate to lipid ratios in 6 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were 1.59,2.41,3.68,5.72,10.16 and 22.79,respectively.Genetic improvement of farmed tilapia with an average body weight of(79.76±1.93)g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 20 fish in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 3.68,5.72 and 10.16 groups were significantly higher than those of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41 and 22.79 groups(P<0.05).The feed efficiency of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 3.68 and 5.72 groups was significantly higher than that of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41,10.16 and 22.79 groups(P<0.05).The viscerosomatic index,hepatosomatic index and mesenteric fat index of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 22.79 group were significantly lower than those of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41,3.68 and 5.72 groups(P<0.05).2)The whole body crude lipid content of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 22.79 group was significantly lower than that of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41,3.68 and 5.72 groups(P<0.05).The liver crude protein content of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 22.79 group was significantly higher than that of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41,3.68 and 5.72 groups(P<0.05).The liver crude lipid content of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 22.79 group was significantly lower than that of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41 and 3.68 groups(P<0.05).The liver crude glycogen content of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 22.79 group was significantly higher than that of carbohydrate to lipid ratio of 1.59,2.41,3.68,5.72 and 10.16 groups(P<0.05).3)The serum total cholesterol content of carbohydrate to lipi

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 糖脂比 生长 体组成 生化指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]