单次柴油机尾气颗粒物暴露致小鼠急性损伤研究  

A Study on Acute Injury from Single Exposure to Diesel Exhaust Particles in Mice

作　　者：郑小美[1] 王婷[1] 段化伟[1] 宾萍[1] 郑玉新[1,2] ZHENG Xiaomei;WANG Ting;DUAN Huawei;BIN Ping;ZHENG Yuxin

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所 [2]青岛大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2020年第5期435-441,F0003,F0004,共9页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81130050)。

摘　　要：目的探讨单次气管滴注柴油机尾气颗粒物(diesel engine particle,DEP)导致的小鼠急性损伤。方法采用扫描电迁移率粒径谱仪、GC-MS和ICP-MS分别检测DEP样品粒径、DEP吸附的多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)和金属。将108只雄性C57BL/6 J小鼠随机分为试验组和对照组(54只/组)。试验组和对照组小鼠分别单次气管滴注DEP (100μg,溶剂为PBS+0.05%Tween-80)和PBS+0.05%Tween-80,并于滴注后0.5、6、12、24、48和72 h分批处死18只小鼠(试验组和对照组各9只),采集样本后测定血液生化及急性肺损伤标志物。结果结果显示,84.3%的DEP样品粒径<100 nm;DEP吸附的PAHs中,致癌性和非致癌性PAHs分别占38.1%和61.9%;共检测到30种DEP吸附金属,其中Na,Ca,Al,Fe含量较高。DEP暴露后,小鼠血液生化中ALT、AST、TBA和TG出现一过性升高,提示肝脏损伤;血清和肝脏中血清淀粉样蛋白A(serum amyloid A,SAA)暴露后出现明显升高(P<0.05),肝脏中C反应蛋白(C-reaction protein,CRP)暴露后出现升高(P<0.05),提示机体启动急性期反应(acute phase response,APR);肺中肺表面活性蛋白A(surfactant protein A,SPA)和克拉拉细胞蛋白(Club cell protein,CC16)暴露后出现明显升高(P<0.05),提示存在肺脏损伤。结论单次DEP暴露可致小鼠启动急性期反应,并导致肺组织一过性损伤。Objective To investigate the acute injury caused by single intratracheal instillation(IT)of diesel exhaust particles(DEP)in mice.Methods The DEP particle size,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and metals absorbed in DEP were measured by scanning mobility particle sizer,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,respectively.A total of 108 male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into DEP group and control group,with 54 mice in each group.Mice in the DEP and control groups received single IT of DEP(100μg,dissolved in PBS+0.05%Tween-80)and PBS+0.05%Tween-80,respectively.Eighteen mice(9 in DEP and 9 in control)were sacrificed at each time point of 0.5,6,12,24,48 and 72 h after IT.Samples were collected for analyses of blood biochemistry and acute lung injury biomarkers.Results The particle sizes of 84.3%DEP were below 100 nm.Among the PAHs adsorbed on DEP,carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 38.1%and 61.9%,respectively.A total of 30 metals were detected on DEP,of which Na,Ca,Al,and Fe were the most abundant.Blood biochemical tests showed transient increases in alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bile acid,and triglyceride in mice after DEP exposure,indicating liver injury.In the serum and the liver,serum amyloid A(SAA)increased from 6 to 24 h and C-reaction protein(CRP)increased at 6 h,indicating acute phase response(APR).In the lungs,surfactant protein A(SPA)increased from 0.5 to 72 h and Club cell protein(CC16)increased from 6 to 48 h,indicating lung injury.Conclusion Single DEP exposure causes APR and transient lung injury in mice.

关 键 词：柴油机尾气颗粒物 急性期反应 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]