基于模糊偏好规划与云计算的商场火灾安全评价模型  

Fire safety evaluation of mall based on fuzzy preference planning and cloud model

作　　者：陈佳 CHEN Jia(Civil Engineering College,Institute of Disaster Prevention,Hebei Langfang 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院土木工程学院,河北廊坊065201

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第10期1334-1338,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：廊坊市软件科学研究计划项目“基于PPP模式的廊坊市环保项目投融资研究”(2018029012);中央高校基本科研业务费“基于BSC-熵值-FCA的建筑工程项目管理信息化绩效评价研究”(ZY20140209)。

摘　　要：为解决商场火灾安全评价指标不确定性、随机性和模糊性导致决策者难以选择合适方法评价商场火灾安全的难题,提出基于模糊偏好规划与云计算的商场火灾安全评价模型。从火灾危险源、建筑防火能力、周边消防救火能力、人员疏散能力、日常管理能力、安全疏散能力6个方面构建评价指标体系。结合模糊理论和层次分析法,引进模糊偏好规划模型计算指标权重。借助云模型实现指标定性与定量两种特性的切换。用该方法评价郑州某商场火灾安全,结果认为火灾安全等级高,需关注可燃物分布、建筑特征、与消防队距离、人员分布、消防安全投入、疏散通道宽度6个重要指标。研究可为商场日常火灾管理提供可行性建议。In order to solve the problem that the uncertainty,randomness and ambiguity of shopping mall fire safety evaluation indicators make it difficult for decision-makers to choose a suitable method to evaluate shopping mall fire safety,a shopping mall fire safety evaluation model based on fuzzy preference planning and cloud computing is proposed.The evaluation index system is constructed from six aspects:fire hazard source,building fire protection capability,surrounding firefighting capability,personnel evacuation capability,daily management capability,and safe evacuation capability.The combined fuzzy theory and analytic hierarchy process,introduced fuzzy preference programming model to calculate the index weight.The cloud model is used to switch between the two characteristics of qualitative and quantitative indicators.The method was used to evaluate the fire safety of a shopping mall in Zhengzhou,and it was concluded that:the fire safety level is high;It is necessary to pay attention to the distribution of combustibles,building characteristics,distance from the fire brigade,personnel distribution,fire safety investment,and evacuation passageway width.The study can provide feasible suggestions for daily fire management.

关 键 词：商场 火灾 安全评价 模糊偏好规划 云模型 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]