发展中国家城镇化问题对我国县域的启示  

Enlightenment on Urbanization Problems of Developing Countries to China’s County Towns

作　　者：肖哲 刘凌云 陈蕾 Xiao Zhe;Liu Lingyun;Chen Lei(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;Wuhan Huachengzhuyuan Engineering Design Limited Company,Wuhan Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉华城筑源工程设计有限公司,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《城市建筑》2020年第28期104-106,123,共4页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51608404);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2017IVB044)。

摘　　要：发展中国家在世界城镇化进程中占据重要地位,其城镇化特征与问题越来越受到关注。文章以发展中国家巴西、印度、俄罗斯、南非为例,采用比较分析法、综合社会经济数据统计分析及GIS空间分析方法,研究城镇化的人口、产业、空间发展特征、问题和成因。研究发现,以上国家在城乡二元结构下,普遍存在"大城市膨胀""产业单一""空间极化"等现象,城镇化质量低下。中国若要避免以上问题,实现全面小康,必须从破解城乡二元矛盾出发,有力推行县域城镇化,利用人口梯度规模结构缓解"大城市病",利用均衡的产业结构跨越"收入陷阱",利用多元空间结构规避"区域塌陷"。Developing countries play an important role in the process of urbanization in the world,and their urbanization characteristics and problems have received more and more attention.The paper takes the cases of Brazil,India,Russia and South Africa as examples.Meanwhile,population,industry,spatial development characteristics,problems and causes of urbanization are studied through comparative analysis,comprehensive statistical analysis of socioeconomic data and GIS spatial analysis.It has been proved that there are such phenomena as"big city expansion","single industry","spatial polarization"and low quality urbanization quality under the dual structure of urban and rural areas in the above countries.Moreover,if our country wants to avoid these problems and achieve a well-off society in an all-round way,it’s necessary to solve the dual contradiction between urban and rural areas,vigorously promote county urbanization,use the population gradient scale structure to alleviate the"big city’s disease",adopt the balanced industrial structure to cross the"income trap",and use the multiple spatial structure to avoid the"regional collapse".

关 键 词：发展中国家 城镇化 县域 

分 类 号：F299.1[经济管理—国民经济]