考虑需求侧响应的虚拟电厂优化调度  

Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plants Considering Demand-side Response

作　　者：高明 曾平良 李亚楼[2] 代倩 GAO Ming;ZENG Pingliang;LI Yalou;DAI Qian(College of Automation,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100040,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学自动化学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]中国电力科学研究院,北京100040

出　　处：《电力科学与工程》2020年第11期45-52,共8页Electric Power Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFE0208400);国家电网有限公司总部科技项目《面向跨境互联的多能互补新型能源系统关键技术研究》资助。

摘　　要：提出了一种考虑风电、光伏、燃气轮机、储能、需求侧响应的虚拟电厂优化调度模型。首先,在风电、光伏、负荷日前预测出力的基础上,根据日前电价变化,优化需求侧响应策略和虚拟电厂日前出力计划使虚拟电厂的总体经济效益最大。其次,在日内实时平衡市场,通过协调分配燃气轮机和储能设备的出力平抑风光实际出力与预测之间的偏差,使虚拟电厂在实时平衡市场的运行成本及偏离日前计划的市场惩罚成本最小,实现虚拟电厂的最优经济运行。最后,在MATLAB 2016a软件中调用CPLEX求解器/YALMIP工具箱对所建虚拟电厂模型进行求解,并比较了不同风光预测误差对虚拟电厂经济收益的影响。仿真结果表明:通过协调优化虚拟电厂的储能、需求侧响应等灵活资源可以有效提高风光间歇式电源消纳,减小负荷峰谷差,平缓负荷曲线,使虚拟电厂经济收益最大化,验证了所提方法的有效性。This paper proposes an optimal scheduling and control model for virtual power plants(VPP)considering wind power,photovoltaic,gas turbine,energy storage,and demand-side response.Firstly,on the basis of the day-ahead forecast output of wind power,photovoltaics,and load and considering the change of day-ahead electricity prices,the demand-side response strategy and output plan of the virtual power plant are optimized to maximize the revenue of the virtual power plant.Secondly,through the real-time market operation within the day,the output of gas turbines and energy storage equipment are optimized and controlled to smooth the deviation between the actual output and the forecast value of wind and photovoltaic,so that the virtual power plant can balance the market's operating costs in real time and minimize the system penalty cost for deviating from the plan,realizing the optimal economic operation of the virtual power plant.Finally,the CPLEX solver/YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB 2016a software is used to solve the proposed VPP model,and compare the impact of different wind and photovoltaic forecast errors on the economic benefits of virtual power plants.The simulation results show that coordinating and optimizing the flexible resources such as energy storage equipment and demand side response of the VPP can improve wind/photovoltaic power accommodation,reduce the load peak-valley difference,smooth the load cure,and maximize the economic benefits of virtual power plants as well.And the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.

关 键 词：虚拟电厂 可再生能源 需求侧响应 经济性分析 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]