地方科技社团向自主性社会组织的创新发展路径研究——以S省农学会为例  

The Innovative Development Path of Local Science and Technology Associations Towards Independent Social Organizations-Taking the Agricultural Association of S Province as an example

作　　者：徐志国 赵玉丽[2] XU Zhiguo;ZHAO Yuli(School of Public Affairs,Nanjing University of Technology,Nanjing 210094;School of Public Security,Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学公共事务学院,南京210094 [2]南京森林警察学院治安学院,南京210023

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期1-16,共16页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(16YJCZH158)。

摘　　要：在后工业社会背景下,治理不但需要政府进行自上而下的推动,而且也离不开社会组织的协作。正是在这一社会背景下,我国地方科技社团的发展成为我国科技事业发展的重要组成部分之一,中央和各级地方政府也先后出台了一系列的政策来支持和鼓励地方科技社团的发展。不过,在以往政府统合型发展模式的影响之下,科技社团自主性发展动力不足,主要依赖于政府力量的推动,表现为大多数科技社团缺乏独立性,科技社团对政府和挂靠单位依赖过高,科技社团活动经费短缺,科技社团专职人员匮乏,无法承接政府职能转移,专业公信力不足、活动能力弱等问题。不过,近年来,也有一些地方科技社团通过改革能够摆脱对主管部门或挂靠单位的单纯依赖,成长为具有主动性,可持续发展能力,能够顺利承接政府职能转移和为科技创新事业发展提供高效服务的新型社会组织。为了探讨当前地方科技社团转型发展的成功经验,总结概括其中所包含的理论内涵,本文以非政府组织发展策略的“三圈理论”为理论框架,以S省农学会为典型案例展开分析。研究发现,S省农学会在近年来的实践中,能够响应中央和地方相关部门的政策要求,采取一系列有效措施提高自身的组织运作能力,将服务政府、社会、市场的科技创新和发展作为自身的发展目标,并在此过程中寻求获得政府与社会的认可和支持。本案例的研究表明,我国科技社团实现自主性发展的一个可能路径是进行嵌入式的自主创新,其主要维度包括:与国家的政策方针密切结合,在承接政府职能转移的同时增强国家的治理能力;社会企业家的创新精神在激活组织的各项潜能当中起到了关键性作用;在政府主导型的制度背景下,国家在嵌入科技社团的同时,科技社团需要保持自身的独立自主性,从而能够兼顾国家政策意志的传达�Under the background of post industrial society,governance needs not only the top-down promotion of the government,but also the cooperation of social organizations.It is under this social background that the development of local science and technology associations in China has become one of the important parts of the development of science and technology in China.The central and local governments at all levels have issued a series of policies to support and encourage the development of local science and technology associations.However,under the influence of the past government integrated development model,the development of science and technology associations in China mainly depends on the promotion of government power.The lack of motivation for the independent development of science and technology associations is manifested in the lack of independence of most science and technology associations,the high dependence of science and technology associations on the government and affiliated units,the shortage of funds for activities of science and technology associations,the lack of full-time personnel of science and technology associations,the inability to undertake the transfer of government functions,the lack of professional public trust and the weak activity ability.In recent years,the government can take the initiative to undertake the development of science and technology,but it can also provide innovative services for the local government.In order to explore the successful experience of the transformation and development of local science and technology associations and summarize the theoretical connotation contained therein,this paper takes the“three-circle theory”of the development strategy of non-governmental organizations as the theoretical framework,and takes the Agricultural Association of S Province as a typical case to analyze.It is found,in recent years,the agricultural society of S Province can respond to the policy requirements of the central and local departments,take a series of effective measur

关 键 词：地方科技社团 社会组织 科技创新 农学会 社会企业 

分 类 号：C912.2[经济管理] G322.25[社会学]