语用模糊理解的影响因素研究  

The Influential Factors in the Comprehension of Pragmatic Ambiguity

作　　者：康响英 KANG Xiang-ying(School of Foreign Studies,Hunan First Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410205)

机构地区：[1]湖南第一师范学院外国语学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《湖南第一师范学院学报》2020年第5期123-128,共6页Journal of Hunan First Normal University

基　　金：湖南省社科基金课题“模糊容忍度视角下的语用模糊生成机制与影响因素研究”(15YBA108);湖南省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目“语用模糊理解机制及其歧义容忍度研究”(18A434)。

摘　　要：语用模糊的理解过程复杂,需要受话人付出更多努力。受话人的年龄、性别、身份、语言水平、文化差异、共享知识等歧义容忍度变量都是语用模糊理解的影响因素。儿童的自我中心思维在语用模糊的理解过程中会影响语用意图的达成。女性的歧义容忍度高于男性,因此男性经常误读女性模糊话语的真实意图。不同身份的人对话语中的语用模糊的容忍度也不相同。语用模糊引起的交际障碍往往与言语交际者的知识水平有关。跨文化交际中双方依据不同的语用策略做出各自的判断会造成误解和冲突。共享知识的缺乏会限制受话人领会发话人的模糊策略。从受话人的视角探讨语用模糊理解的影响因素,可以帮助人们提高语用能力,避免语用失误。The comprehension of pragmatic ambiguity is complicated,which demands more efforts of the listener.Variables such as age,gender,identity,language proficiency,awareness of cultural difference and shared knowledge are all influential factors in the comprehension of pragmatic ambiguity.Children’s self-centralism may restrain the realization of the speaker’s pragmatic intention.Male speakers tend to misunderstand women due to the latter’s higher ambiguity tolerance.Likewise,people of different identities demonstrate different ambiguity tolerance to pragmatic ambiguity.Failure in the comprehension of pragmatic ambiguity always results from language proficiency of the listener.However,in intercultural communication,clashes arise from the listener’s lack of awareness of cultural difference.Moreover,the lack of shared knowledge hinders the listener from comprehending the fuzzy strategy of the speaker.The study of influential factors in the comprehension of pragmatic ambiguity on the part of the listener can help to improve communicators’pragmatic competence and avoid pragmatic failure.

关 键 词：语用模糊 理解 影响因素 歧义容忍度 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]