深圳市居民医疗卫生服务需求与利用  

Study on the needs,demands,and utilization of medical and health services of residents in Shenzhen

作　　者：曾华堂[1] 徐子茜 陈瑶[1] 刘智勇 ZENG Huatang;XYU Ziqian;CHEN Yao;LIU Zhiyong(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong ShenzhenGuangdong 518055,China;School of Medicine and Health Management of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055 [2]华中科技大学医药卫生管理学院

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2020年第6期56-59,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金立项课题(A2017607)。

摘　　要：目的研究深圳市居民卫生服务需要、需求和利用水平,为合理配置卫生资源和完善相关政策提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样,抽取深圳市7个区2365户居民中的6072人,对居民健康状况及卫生服务需求和利用等情况进行问卷调查。问卷应答率为98.5%,抽样样本在年龄分布上与总体频数差异无统计学意义(χ^2=5.60,P=0.47)。结果居民自我健康评价平均分为84.9分,慢性病患病率为21.1%,两周患病率为21.5%,两周患病就诊率19.5%,近一年内住院率为7.2%。门诊次均费用为500元,住院次均费用为10567元,平均住院天数为7.3d。652(55%)名患者门诊首次就诊在社康中心,82.2%家庭最近医疗机构的距离在1km以内。结论与全国数据相比,深圳市居民整体卫生服务需要偏低,但存在住院需求未得到有效释放的问题。糖尿病、高血压等慢性病防治问题不容忽视,公共卫生体系建设亟需进一步加强。“健康守门人”制度初步形成,但居民获得感仍需进一步提高。Objective To study the needs,demands and utilization levels of health services for residents in Shenzhen,and to provide a basis for the rational allocation of health resources and formulation of relevant policies.Methods Using stratified random sampling,6072 residents from 2365 households in 7 districts of Shenzhen were selected.The residents’health status,health service demand and utilization were investigated by a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire survey response rate was 98.5%,and there was no significant difference between the sample and the population in age distribution(χ^2=5.60,P=0.47).Results The average score of self-health assessment was 84.9.The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 21.1%.The two-week disease prevalence rate was 21.5%,and the doctor visit rate of the two-week disease was 19.5%.The hospitalization rate was 7.2%in the past year.The average outpatient cost was 500 yuan,and the average cost of hospitalization was 10567 yuan.The average length of hospital stay was 7.3 days.A total of 652(55%)patients had their first outpatient visit at the community health service centers,and 82.2%of the families were within 1 kilometer from the nearest medical institutions.Conclusion Compared with that of the national population,the overall health service needs of Shenzhen residents were relatively low,but there is a problem that the hospitalization demand has not been effectively released.The prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension should not be ignored,and the construction of the public health system needs to be strengthened.The"health gatekeeper"system has initially taken shape,but the residents′sense of acquisition needs to be further improved.

关 键 词：医疗卫生服务 需要 需求 利用 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]