职业人群生活方式和心理因素对肥胖的影响  

The influence of lifestyle and psychological factors on obesity in an occupational population

作　　者：张鹏思[1] 杨腾飞[1] 裴冬梅[1] ZHANG Pengsi;YANG Tengfei;PEI Dongmei(Department of Social Services,Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University,Shenyang 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院社会服务部,沈阳110004

出　　处：《中国医科大学学报》2020年第12期1076-1081,共6页Journal of China Medical University

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会课题(15-219)。

摘　　要：目的分析造成职业人群肥胖的生活方式及心理因素,通过控制不良生活行为及心理干预,有效地减少肥胖发生。方法选取抽样单位在体检中心参加体检的员工作为研究对象,完成基本信息问卷、国际体育活动问卷、付出-回报失衡问卷、生活满意度量表、抑郁自评量表及焦虑自评量表。采用logistic回归分析模型分析相关危险因素。结果肥胖总检出率为11.84%,男性肥胖检出率为20.98%;可能抑郁患者检出率为33.88%,抑郁检查率为11.18%;单因素分析结果显示,性别、教育程度、食用海鲜类食物、进行体育活动以及心理因素中的抑郁、焦虑状态对肥胖患病有统计学意义(P<O.05)。将上述因素纳入logistic回归分析显示,女性、本科学历、食用海鲜类食物为肥胖患病的保护因素;体育活动少、抑郁为肥胖的独立危险因素。结论职业人群中男性体检肥胖检出率高,肥胖与性别、教育程度、食用海鲜类食物、体育活动强度相关。抑郁为肥胖的独立危险因素,并与肥胖相互作用,导致肥胖抑郁共患病,增加各种疾病患病风险。体检中心对肥胖、抑郁人群进行健康管理,使其科学舒缓心理压力,合理搭配膳食,适当体育锻炼,并定期进行回访,能有助于改善抑郁状态,减少肥胖的发生。Objective To analyze the lifestyle and psychological factors that cause obesity in the occupational population,and to effectively reduce the incidence of obesity by controlling bad lifestyle habits and through psychological intervention.Methods The sampled employees that participated in physical examinations were selected as research objects.They completed the basic information questionnaire,international physical activity questionnaire,and were assessed with the effort-reward imbalance,satisfaction with life,selfrating depression,and self-rating anxiety scales.Results The results of single factor analysis showed that gender,education,seafood consumption,and physical activity were significantly associated with obesity(P<0.05).Additionally,among the psychological factors,depression and anxiety were significantly associated with obesity(P<0.05).The above factors were included in the logistic regression analysis,and the results showed that female,having bachelor’s degree,and seafood consumption,were the protective factors for obesity,while low physical activity levels and depression were the independent risk factors for obesity.Conclusion The detection rate of obesity in the occupational population is high,and it was associated with gender,education level,seafood consumption,physical activity level,and psychological factors.Occupational populations should maintain a positive and optimistic mental state,relieve psychological pressure scientifically,reasonably combine diet,perform physical exercises properly,and participate in regular physical examination,to prevent obesity.

关 键 词：职业人群 单纯性肥胖 生活方式 心理因素 危险因素 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]