转子叶尖间隙对风扇气动特性及单音噪声特性影响的数值计算  

Numerical study of the effects of rotor tip clearance on aerodynamic performance and tonal noise behavior of fan

作　　者：王良锋 杨野 乔渭阳[3] 杨党国[1,2] WANG Liangfeng;YANG Ye;QIAO Weiyang;YANG Dangguo(State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;High Speed Aerodynamics Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心空气动力学国家重点实验室,绵阳621000 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000 [3]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710072

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2020年第6期1047-1055,I0001,共10页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51476134)。

摘　　要：由于叶尖间隙会降低叶轮机的工作效率,并且会增大噪声辐射强度,因此在叶轮机设计和运行过程中需要特别关注这一设计参数的具体影响。基于叶轮机单音噪声流场/声场混合预测模型,研究了不同转子叶尖间隙对单级轴流风扇气动性能和单音噪声强度的影响规律。研究发现,转子出口尾迹宽度和尾迹强度都随转子叶尖间隙的增大而增大,但是尾迹相位分布几乎没有改变,因此当尾迹与下游静子叶片干涉时,主要影响静子叶片表面的非定常载荷强度,而不会影响其主要的相位分布;2.5 mm的叶尖间隙(0.94%叶片高度)使得风扇流量减小了约2%,风扇效率下降了约1%,向前传播的1倍叶片通过频率(Blade Passing Frequency,BPF)单音噪声声功率级增大了1.5 dB,向后传播的1BPF单音噪声声功率级增大了0.7 dB;叶尖间隙变化对2BPF和3BPF对应的单音噪声强度影响都小于1 dB。Rotor tip clearance(TC)is an importance parameter for the turbomachinery design and operation because of its contribution in loss and noise production.This study is focused on the effects of tip clearance on aerodynamic performance and tonal noise behavior of a single stage axial fan based on flow-field/acoustic-field hybrid model.The results indicate that the wake width and wake strength at the rotor exit increase with the tip clearance,but the phase distribution is almost unchanged;when the wake interacts with the stator,the rotor tip clearance increases unsteady loading fluctuation on the stator surface,but has little effect on its phase distribution.2.5 mm TC lowers about 2%of the fan mass flow and about 1%of the fan efficiency,and also,it increases sound power level of 1BPF about 1.5 dB in the forward propagation and about 0.7 dB in the backward propagation.However,the influence of tip clearance on the tone noise intensity at 2BPF and 3BPF is more complex,and the variation range is less than 1 dB.

关 键 词：单音噪声 混合模型 轴流风扇 叶尖间隙 周向模态 径向模态 

分 类 号：V232.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]