多种PVC基植物纤维复合材料性能对比研究  

Comparative Study on Properties of Various PVC-based Plant Fiber Composites

作　　者：靳玲[1] 徐冬梅[1] 王杰[1] 柳峰[1] Jin Ling;Xu Dongmei;Wang Jie;Liu Feng(College of Material Engineering,Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology,Xuzhou 221140,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州工业职业技术学院材料工程学院,江苏徐州221140

出　　处：《上海塑料》2020年第4期10-18,共9页Shanghai Plastics

基　　金：徐州市科技项目重点研发计划项目(KC17131)。

摘　　要：研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)和竹粉、玉米秸秆粉、小麦秸秆粉、稻壳粉、木粉5种不同类型植物纤维制备复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性能和流变性能。结果表明:PVC/小麦秸秆粉复合材料的拉伸强度比其他4种复合材料的拉伸强度更高,达到41.10 MPa;PVC/小麦秸秆粉、PVC/竹粉、PVC/玉米秸秆粉、PVC/木粉4种复合材料的热失重(TG)曲线与纯PVC材料的TG曲线差别很小,几乎可以保持一致;PVC/稻壳粉复合材料的最大扭矩和平衡扭矩最小,分别为22.9 N·m和16.5 N·m,说明该复合材料的塑化能力较好;5种复合材料中,PVC/小麦秸秆粉复合材料的综合性能最佳。以小麦秸秆粉用量为变量,研究了PVC/小麦秸秆粉复合材料力学性能及微观形貌。结果表明:当小麦秸秆粉质量分数为23%时复合材料的综合性能较好。The mechanical properties,thermal stability and rheological properties of composite materials made of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)and five different types of plant fibers,including bamboo flour,corn straw flour,wheat straw flour,rice hull flour and wood flour.The results show that the tensile strength of PVC/wheat straw flour composite is higher than that of the other four composites,reaching 41.10 MPa.The TG curves of PVC/wheat straw flour,PVC/bamboo flour,PVC/corn straw flour and PVC/wood flour composites are almost the same as the TG curve of pure PVC material.The maximum torque and equilibrium torque of PVC/rice hull flour composite are the lowest,which are 22.9 N·m and 16.5 N·m,respectively,indicating that the plasticizing ability is better.Among the five composites,PVC/wheat straw flour composite has the best comprehensive performance.The mechanical properties and micro-morphology of PVC/wheat straw flour composites were studied with the amount of wheat straw powder as variable.The results show that when the mass fraction of wheat straw powder is 23%,the comprehensive performance of the composite material is better.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 植物纤维 复合材料 小麦秸秆粉 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]