三重叙事:《血色子午线》的后殖民书写  

Three Narratives:Postcolonial Writing in Blood Meridian

作　　者：韩龙 Han Long(School of Foreign Languages,China University of Geoscience,Wuhan Hubei 430074)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《宁波广播电视大学学报》2020年第4期65-70,共6页Journal of Ningbo Radio & TV University

摘　　要：《血色子午线》是寓意丰富的西部小说。通过建构西部荒野扩张,指涉美墨战争,穿插印第安人与白人、墨西哥人种族仇恨,以及叠加原始部落和现代文明冲突,麦卡锡在政治、历史和文化上深刻地展现出美国建国殖民拓张的暴力与死亡意蕴。本文运用萨义德和斯皮瓦克的后殖民批评理论,通过分析小说中以格兰顿和霍尔顿为首的美国殖民主体与印第安、墨西哥被殖民他者的话语关系,白人至上主义对黑人群体的直接压迫,殖民者男性权威下第三世界女性的言语缺席和失声,揭示其帝国叙事、白人中心叙事和男权叙事的三重特性。麦卡锡通过白人殖民者对印第安部落和墨西哥人的屠杀来重述美国殖民史,折射其对战争的鞭挞和对生命的敬畏,殖民主体主宰权力和暴力反映出人性道德的冷漠和文明的缺失,揭示帝国意识和真实历史的暴力与血腥。Blood Meridian is a western novel with symbolic meanings.By constructing the American western expansion,referring to US-Mexico War,interweaving the racial hatred between Indians,Whites and Mexicans,as well as superimposing the conflicts between primitive Indian tribes and modern civilization,McCarthy profoundly shows the violence and death implication of America’s founding and colonization in politics,history and culture.By applying Said and Spivak’s postcolonial criticism theory,this paper analyzes the discourse relations between American colonizer subject led by Glanton and Holden as well as the colonized others represented by the Indians and the Mexicans,the direct pressure white supremacy putting on the black people,the silence of female in the third world and the absence of their words under the colonizer male authority in the story,which reveals the imperial narrative,the White-centered narrative and the patriarchal narrative of the novel.McCarthy retells the American colonial history through the massacre of Indian tribes and Mexicans by the white colonists,reflecting his criticism for the war and his reverence for the life.The colonial subject’s dominance of power and violence reflects the indifference of human morality and the lack of civilization,and reveals the violence and bloodiness of the imperial consciousness and the real history.

关 键 词：科马克麦卡锡 《血色子午线》 后殖民理论 种族压迫 女性失声 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]