论克罗齐“哲学是历史学的方法论”  

on Croce's"Philosophy is the Methodology of History"

作　　者：王利红 WANG Lihong

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学马克思主义学院,100101

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2020年第6期97-104,195,共9页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“马克思世界历史理论与欧洲浪漫主义史学思想关系研究”(20BSS005)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“哲学是历史学的方法论”是克罗齐在实证主义盛行的时代提出的一个命题。当克罗齐提出这一命题的时候,他所说的哲学和历史学,都不再是传统意义上所理解的哲学和历史学。必须抛弃那种狭义或教学意义上习惯称之为哲学的东西,才能理解这一命题。在此之前,首先又必须要了解克罗齐的美学原理或艺术理论。因为由美学到逻辑学再到哲学和历史学,既是克罗齐思想发展的脉络,又是理解他关于哲学是历史学方法论命题的路径。在对形而上学旧哲学的六种先入为主之见的分析批判中,克罗齐阐明了他的作为方法论的新哲学与形而上学旧哲学之间的根本不同,表明了他把哲学看作历史学方法论的企图。总之,这一命题的提出不是传统哲学地位的下降,也不是历史学地位的上升,而是对同为精神科学的哲学和历史学学科地位和作用的重新认定,是使哲学与历史学在彼此之中生机勃勃。“Philosophy is the methodology of history”is a proposition put forward by Croce in the era of positivism.When Croce put forward this proposition,the philosophy and history he said were no longer the philosophy and history understood in the traditional sense.In order to understand this proposition,we must first understand Croce's aesthetic principles or artistic theories,because Croce’s thought developed from aesthetics to logic,philosophy and finally to history.Thus,it paved the way for his proposition that“philosophy is the methodology of history”.In the analysis and criticism of the six preconceptions of the old metaphysical philosophy,Croce clarified the fundamental differences between his new philosophy and the old metaphysical philosophy,indicating his attempt to regard philosophy as a historical methodology.In a word,this proposition did not indicate the decline of traditional philosophy,nor the rise of history,but confirmed the role played by philosophy and history.In his eyes,they were both spiritual sciences and would benefit each other.

关 键 词：历史学 艺术 作为方法论的哲学 作为形而上学的哲学 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学]