试论兰普莱希特在中美史学界的回响  

A Preliminary Examination of the American and Chinese Academic Responses to Karl Lamprecht in the First Half of the 20th Century

作　　者：王燕[1] WANG Yan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2020年第6期131-138,196,共9页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：兰普莱希特是20世纪上半叶从兰克学派中脱胎转型成为“新史学”的关键人物之一。他的史学观点在德国受到兰克学派的攻击和长期忽视,却在世界其他国家受到了一定的欢迎,得以传播。本文回顾兰普莱希特的生平和学术立场,简要介绍中美学术界在20世纪上半叶对他的反馈。美国学术界对兰氏的介绍较为详细,且批判性地吸收其《历史学是什么?》一书的观点。中国学术界通过德、日、英三种渠道了解其学术观点,但并未形成一时的学术风气。朱谦之是讨论兰氏最多、最深入的学者,经由朱谦之,兰普莱希特成为中国现代实证主义史学的重要一环。Karl Lamprecht was a key figure in the historiographical transition from the Ranke School to the"New Cultural History" School in the first half of the 20th century.Lamprecht’s historical ideas were attacked and later ignored by the Rank School in Germany,but was largely accepted by scholars in other countries.This article reviews Lamprecht’s life,academic standing,and examines the responses of the American and Chinese scholars to him in the first half of the 20th century.American scholars introduced Lamprecht in detail and critically accepted his ideas which were interpreted in What is History.Chinese scholars learned Lamprecht through German,Japanese and American approaches,but did not accept his views widely.Zhu Qianzhi studied Lamprecht most thoroughly.Through Zhu,Lamprecht became a key figure in China’s adoption of positivist historiography.

关 键 词：兰普莱希特 《历史学是什么?》 文化史 社会心理 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]