新冠肺炎患者健康教育实施情况调查  

Implementation of health education for confirmed COVID-19 patients

作　　者：张冰丽 姚希[1] 林玲[2] 郭文霞[3] 杨君微 刘旭[5] 郭伟 孙薇[7] 张晓香[8] 王玉芝[9] 孙仁荣 刘云祥 刘凤明 杨雪 李六亿[1] ZHANG Bing-li;YAO Xi;LIN Ling;GUO Wen-xia;YANG Jun-wei;LIU Xu;GUO Wei;SUN Wei;ZHANG Xiao-xiang;WANG Yu-zhi;SUN Ren-rong;LIU Yun-xiang;LIU Feng-ming;YANG Xue;LI Liu-yi(Department of Healthcare -associated Infection Management and Disease Prevention and Control, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;Heilongjiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150036, China;Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, China;Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau General Hospital, Harbin 150081, China;The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China;The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150000, China;Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163001, China;The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China;Qiqihar First Hospital, Qiqihar 161005, China;Hegang Infectious Disease Hospital, Hegang 154101, China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China;Jiamusi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiamusi 154007, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院感染管理-疾病预防控制处,北京100034 [2]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [3]黑龙江省医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [4]黑龙江省农垦总局总医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [5]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [6]黑龙江省第二医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [7]黑龙江省大庆油田总医院,黑龙江大庆163001 [8]哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [9]黑龙江齐齐哈尔市第一医院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005 [10]黑龙江省鹤岗市传染病院,黑龙江鹤岗154101 [11]佳木斯大学附属第一医院,黑龙江佳木斯154002 [12]佳木斯疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2020年第12期1088-1092,共5页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间健康教育中存在的问题,为疫情防控常态化下医院加强对患者健康教育提供依据。方法由经过培训的调查员随机抽取2020年4月1日—5月10日牡丹江新冠肺炎病区的新冠肺炎确诊患者进行调查,记录被调查者基本情况及手卫生、佩戴口罩、开窗通风、关门、保持室内清洁、咳嗽礼仪等健康教育实施情况,并通过问卷星填写报告。结果共收集有效问卷173份,参与此次调查的所有新冠肺炎患者在入院前均接受了健康教育,73.41%(127例)的患者接受了有关咳嗽礼仪的健康教育。98.27%(170例)的患者佩戴口罩,其中医用外科口罩的佩戴率最高,占94.12%(160例);173例新冠肺炎患者所处隔离病区手卫生设施配备齐全的比率占22.54%(39例),77.46%(134例)手卫生设施配备不齐全,其中干手纸巾的配备率最低(48例,27.75%)。病室内手卫生设施配备齐全的新冠肺炎患者每日进行手卫生的频次更高(χ^2=15.93,P<0.001);较未配备速干手消毒剂及仅配备速干手消毒剂的情况,同时配备速干手消毒剂和其他手卫生设施时,患者每日洗手次数更多(χ^2=4.16,P=0.040);配备干手纸巾较未配备干手纸巾时,患者的每日洗手次数更多(χ^2=15.03,P<0.001)。保持室内清洁的执行率最高(166例,95.95%),咳嗽礼仪的执行情况最差(107例,61.85%)。随着患者年龄增大咳嗽礼仪执行不到位的比例越高(χ^2=19.66,P<0.001),普通病区的患者咳嗽礼仪的执行情况较重症病区好(χ^2=15.82,P<0.001)。进行过咳嗽礼仪相关健康教育的患者咳嗽礼仪正确率高于未进行咳嗽礼仪健康教育组(χ^2=94.57,P<0.001)。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间对患者的相关健康教育水平较平时有所提高,但仍有不足,医院应继续加强对患者呼吸道卫生、咳嗽礼仪等内容的宣教,提高患者的自我防护意识,降低患者及医护人员的感染风险。Objective To evaluate problems in health education during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic period,and provide basis for hospitals to strengthen patient health education under regular status of epidemic prevention and control.Methods From April 1,to May 10,2020,patients with confirmed COVID-19 in COVID-19 wards of Mudanjiang area were randomly selected and investigated by trained investigators,basic characteristics of the respondents,implementation of health education on hand hygiene(HH),wearing masks,opening windows for ventilation,closing doors,keeping wards clean,cough etiquette were recorded and filled in questionnaire.Results A total of 173 valid questionnaires were collected,COVID-19 patients who participated in the survey all received health education before admission,73.41%(n=127)of whom received health education on cough etiquette,98.27%(n=170)wore masks(94.12%[n=160]wore surgical masks);among isolation wards of 173 COVID-19 patients,the ratio of fully equipped HH facilities was 22.54%(n=39),77.46%(n=134)were without fully equipped HH facilities,equipping rate of paper towels was the lowest(n=48,27.75%).COIVID-19 patients who had fully equipped HH facilities performed HH more frequently per day(χ^2=15.93,P<0.001);compared with only equipped with alcohol-based hand rub or not,when equipped with alcohol-based hand rub and other HH facilities,patients wash their hands more frequently per day(χ^2=4.16,P=0.040);compared with not equipped with paper towels,when equipped with paper towels,patients wash their hands more frequently per day(χ^2=15.03,P<0.001).The proportion of implementation of keeping indoor clean was the highest(n=166,95.95%),and that of cough etiquette was the worst(n=107,61.85%).With the increase of patients’age,proportion of poor implementation of cough etiquette was higher(χ^2=19.66,P<0.001),implementation of cough etiquette in patients in general wards was better than that in critical care wards(χ^2=15.82,P<0.001),correct rate of cough etiquette in patients receiving health

关 键 词：健康教育 患者 新型冠状病毒肺炎 COVID-19 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]