中国古代科学技术归属的悖谬  

The Fallacy of Ancient Chinese Science and Technology

作　　者：钱斌[1] 李彦燃 QIAN Bin;LI Yanran

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学马克思主义学院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《中国科技术语》2020年第6期100-107,共8页CHINA TERMINOLOGY

摘　　要：长期以来,学术界一直使用西方的观念体系来研究中国古代科技,将其纳入经验科学的范畴。而对所谓“李约瑟难题”的解析,也简单地认为是中国缺少实验科学的基础。对指南针的研究表明,使用西方概念来研究中国问题,既不客观也很不恰当。中国古代科技的特点与欧洲迥乎不同,亟待依照本国的文化体系传承、科技发展路径,并借鉴西方研究成果,建构自己的一套观念体系,以便树立文化的自尊和自信,并梳理出民族文化和科技传统,促进当代中国科技的发展。For a long time,academia has used Western concept systems to study ancient Chinese science and technology,and included it in the category of empirical science.The analysis of the so-called“Needham problem”is also simply regarded as the lack of experimental science in China.Research on compass shows that using Western concepts to study Chinese problems is neither objective nor very appropriate.The characteristics of ancient Chinese science and technology are very different from those in Europe,and it is urgent to build a set of concepts based on the inheritance of the country s cultural system and the development path of science and technology,and learn from Western research results,in order to establish cultural self-esteem and self-confidence,and sort out cultural and scientific and technological traditions,and promote the development of contemporary Chinese science and technology.

关 键 词：经验科学 李约瑟难题 指南针 沈括 古代科学技术 

分 类 号：G32[文化科学] N04[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]