烟草主要废弃物在多孔材料领域的研究进展  

Recent advances in porous materials made from tobacco waste

作　　者：王金棒 贾楠[1] 汪志波[1] 邱纪青[1] WANG Jinbang;JIA Nan;WANG Zhibo;QIU Jiqing(Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《烟草科技》2020年第12期96-105,共10页Tobacco Science & Technology

摘　　要：为使研发人员准确把握烟草废弃物在多孔材料领域的研究现状,预测未来的发展趋势,对烟草废弃物(主要指数量较大的烟秆)的直接利用以及多孔碳材料的制备与应用两个方面进行了梳理和总结:①烟草废弃物在多孔材料领域的研究主要包括烟草材料自身的应用及作为原料在碳材料领域的研究两个方面,以后者研究最多。②碳材料的制备方法(包括直接碳化法、物理/化学活化法)较为成熟,在方法创新上的空间相对有限,但材料制备的机理以及针对不同用途碳材料的可控制备仍值得进一步深入研究。③碳材料的衍生化和在电化学(超级电容器)领域的应用是未来烟草废弃物高值化利用的两个重要路径。④除了技术开发过程,涉及技术路线的全生命周期环境评估和全产业链条“成本-效益”核算等课题也有待加强。To grasp research progress and forecast future development trends in the comprehensive utilization of porous materials derived from tobacco waste,different technologies in the literature were summarized from two respects,the direct utilization of tobacco waste and the preparation and application of porous carbon materials.The results showed that:1)The majority of the research focused on the later of the above two aspects.2)The preparation methods of carbon materials were relatively mature,including direct carbonization and physical or chemical activation.Further innovation in the preparation method was relatively limited,however the mechanism of material preparation and controllable preparation of carbon materials for different purposes were still worthy of further study.3)The derivatization of carbon materials and their application in the field of electrochemistry(supercapacitor)were two important paths for the high value utilization of tobacco waste in the future.4)In addition to the technology development process,the topics such as the whole life cycle environmental assessment involving the technical route and the“cost-benefit”analyses of the full industrial chain also needed to be strengthened.

关 键 词：烟草废弃物 烟秆 综合利用 多孔材料 生物炭 碳材料 

分 类 号：TS49[农业科学—烟草工业]