异鱲Parazacco spilurus两栖息地水环境质量及食性分析  

Study on diet and water environment of Parazacco spilurus in two habitats

作　　者：谢骄 蓝梦哲 易祖盛[2] XIE Jiao;LAN Meng-zhe;YI Zu-sheng(Guangdong Sun Yat-sen Memorial Middle School,Zhongshan 528454,China;School of Life Science,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510406,China)

机构地区：[1]中山纪念中学,广东中山528454 [2]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期65-70,共6页Journal of Guangzhou University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：2019年7月和11月,调查了广州花都芙蓉嶂、陆河县激石溪两地异鱲种群栖息地丰水期和枯水期的水环境质量,分析了40尾异鱲的食性.结果表明:异鱲栖息地水环境质量属轻度-中度污染,粪大肠杆菌群超标严重,其余指标达到国家地表水Ⅱ类水水质标准,底泥重金属和有机氮含量符合第一类沉积物质量标准.浮游植物香农-维纳指数平均为2.062 5,均匀度指数平均为0.625,Margalef丰富度指数为1.038;浮游动物香农-维纳指数平均为2.441,均匀度指数平均为0.802 5,Margalef丰富度指数为3.697 5,表明水环境质量属于轻度-中度污染.对食性分析结果显示:异鱲是以水生昆虫为主食的杂食性鱼类.建议相关管理部门加强水环境管控,为水生生物提供优良的栖息环境.In July and November 2019, we investigated water quality in two habitats of Parazacco spilurus: Furongzhang at Huadu town, Guangzhou and Jishixi at Luhe County during wet and drought periods, and studied diet of 40 fishies. Result shows that although water quality in these habitats reach fine level, colonies of fecal Escherichia coli are seriously exceeded. Other indexes reach Type Ⅱ of National Quality Standard For Surface Water, meanwhile heavy metals and organic nitrogen in sediment reach Type Ⅰ of Sediment Quality Standard. In phytoplankton, Shannon-Wiener Index, Evenness Index and Margalef Richness Index are 2.062 5, 0.625 and 1.038 on average respectively. Same indexes in zooplankton are 2.441 0, 0.802 5 and 3.697 5. Both of these indicate that water environment quality is mildly to moderately polluted. Study on diet shows Parazacco spilurus is omnivory and mainly preys on aquatic insects. We suggest that departments of these natural reserves should strengthen water environment management and provide nice environment for aquatic organisms.

关 键 词：异鱲 水生境质量 食性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]