SBR/RO工艺源分离尿液处理特性研究  

Treatment Characteristics of Source-separated Urine by SBR/RO Process

作　　者：马跃龙 徐瑶瑶[1] 刘宁[2] 李彤彤 石烜[1] 金鑫[1] 金鹏康[1] MA Yue-long;XU Yao-yao;LIU Ning;LI Tong-tong;SHI Xuan;JIN Xin;JIN Peng-kang(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Petroleum Technology Research Institute of Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2020年第21期7-14,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400701);陕西高校新型智库;陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2016TZC-S-19-3);陕西省重点科技创新团队项目(2013KCT-13)。

摘　　要：针对源分离生态厕所中尿液处理后难以回用的问题,设计开发了SBR/RO尿液处理系统,研究了SBR耦合RO工艺的最优工况及其对尿液中污染物的去除特性。结果表明,SBR的硝化性能随污泥浓度的升高而增强,p H值是影响系统硝化性能的主要因素,将其污泥浓度提升至12 g/L,p H值维持在7.0~8.0,可避免反应体系内因尿液中尿素分解产生的NH4+-N积累对系统出水水质的不利影响。为减少反硝化反应时间,分析了进水碳源种类及比例对尿液中污染物去除速率的影响,结果表明,采用葡萄糖/乙酸钠混合碳源(质量比为0.73∶1)时,系统对污染物的去除速率最高,反应所需时间最短,因此将外加碳源优化为此混合碳源,同时将缺氧段与曝气段时间调整为1 h和5 h。在最优条件下连续运行SBR/RO系统,其中SBR系统对尿素和NH4+-N的去除率大于99%,出水NO2--N和NO3--N浓度分别稳定在18~33、85~110 mg/L。SBR/RO工艺对尿液中的污染物去除效果明显,出水水质满足《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T18920—2002)中的冲厕用水水质标准。Aiming at the problem of difficulty in reusing urine in source-separated ecological toilets,a combined urine treatment system of sequencing batch reactor(SBR)and reverse osmosis(RO)was designed and developed,and the optimal operating conditions of the coupling SBR/RO process and its removal characteristics of urine pollutants were studied.The nitrification performance of the SBR increased with the increase of the sludge concentration,and pH was the main factor affecting the nitrification performance.Therefore,influence of NH4+-N accumulation generated by the decomposition of urea in SBR on the effluent quality could be avoided by increasing the sludge concentration to 12 g/L and maintaining the pH between 7.0 and 8.0.In order to reduce the reaction time of the denitrification stage,influence of the type and proportion of influent carbon source on removal efficiency of pollutants in urine was analyzed.When mixed carbon source of glucose/sodium acetate(mass ratio 0.73∶1)was used,the system had the highest pollutants removal efficiency and the shortest reaction time.Therefore,the influent carbon source was optimized to be a mixed carbon source,and the anoxic and aeration reaction time were adjusted to 1 h and 5 h.The SBR/RO system was continuously operated under the optimal conditions.The removal efficiencies of urea and NH4+-N in the SBR system were more than 99%,and the effluent NO2--N and NO3--N concentrations were stably maintained at 18-33 mg/L and 85-110 mg/L,respectively.The SBR/RO system had a significant effect on the removal of pollutants in urine,and the effluent quality of the system met the flushing water quality standard specified in The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water—Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption(GB/T 18920-2002).

关 键 词：尿液 源分离 反渗透 序批式活性污泥法 碳源 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]