我国高血压患者的钠盐摄入现状  

The status of sodium intake in patients with hypertension in China

作　　者：孙宁玲[1] 姜一农[2] 王鸿懿[1] 杨莉[3] 程文立 徐新娟[5] 尹新华[6] 牟建军[7] 商黔惠 初少莉[9] 韩清华[10] 袁洪[11] 孙跃民[12] 郭子宏 孙刚[14] 王浩[15] 冯颖青[16] 袁亦方 无 SUN Ning-ling;JIANG Yi-nong;WANG Hong-yi;YANG Li;CHENG Wen-li;XU Xin-juan;YIN Xin-hua;MU Jian-jun;SHANG Qian-hui;CHU Shao-li;HAN Qing-hua;YUAN Hong;SUN Yue-min;GUO Zi-hong;SUN Gang;WANG Hao;FENG Ying-qing;YUAN Yi-fang;无(Department of Hypertension,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100044,China;不详;China salt control and blood pressure management working group)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院高血压研究室,北京100044 [2]大连医科大学第一附属医院高血压科 [3]昆明医科大学附属延安医院老年科 [4]首都医科大学北京安贞医院高血压科 [5]新疆医科大学第一附属医院高血压科 [6]哈尔滨医科大学第一附属医院高血压科 [7]西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管内科 [8]遵义医科大学附属医院心内科 [9]上海瑞金医院高血压研究所北院高血压科 [10]山西医科大学附属第一医院心内科 [11]中南大学湘雅三医院高血压科 [12]天津医科大学总医院心内科 [13]云南省阜外心血管病医院高血压科 [14]包头医学院附属第一医院高血压研究所 [15]河南省人民医院高血压科 [16]广东省人民医院心内科 [17]清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院心内科 [18]中国控盐血压管理工作组

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2020年第11期1025-1030,共6页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

摘　　要：目的对我国高血压患者现阶段(2017-2019年)盐(氯化钠)摄入量状况进行调研和分析。方法在中国23个省/市130家医院,纳入年龄18~85岁明确诊断的高血压患者9 686例,采用电极法对所有患者的全天(24 h)尿液进行尿钠测定,同时记录病史、体质量指数(BMI)和用药史(包括降压药),并对高血压患者6 494例行24 h动态血压监测(ABPM)。结果入选的高血压患者24 h平均尿钠排泄为156.8 mmol/d(相当于食入钠3.6 g/d,钠盐9.2 g/d),其中7 103例(占73%)患者平均钠盐摄入超过6 g/d,按照WHO标准钠盐<5 g/d仅有1 840例(占19%)。根据测定的平均尿钠排泄水平可将入选的患者分为低钠(尿钠<100)、中钠(尿钠100~<200)和高钠(尿钠≥200 mmo/d) 3组,3组尿钠排泄水平分别为(69.7±21.0)、(145.8±28.0)和(268.7±58.9)mmol/d。平均尿钠排泄水平在全国中以西北地区最高(184.2 mmol/d,相当于钠盐10.8 g/d),华南地区最低(111.3 mmol/d,相当于钠盐6.5 g/d)。血压随着钠摄入的增加而升高。结论我国23个省/市高血压患者平均钠盐摄入量仍显著高于中国和WHO标准,纠正高钠摄入对血压管理具有重要的意义。Objective To investigate and analyze the current epidemiology of sodium intake in patients with hypertension in China from 2017 to 2019. Methods The survey was performed in 130 hospitals of 23 provinces or cities. A total of 9 686 hypertensive patients, aged from 18 to 85 years old, were enrolled in this study. 24 h urinary sodium was measured by electrode method. At the same time, medical history, body mass index(BMI) and medication history(including anti-hypertensive drugs) were all recorded. At the mean time, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure measurement(ABPM) was performed on 6 494 patients with hypertension. Results Mean 24 h urinary sodium excretion in all patients was 156.8 mmol/d(equivalent to sodium intake 3.6 g/d, sodium chloride 9.2 g/d), 7 103 patients of whom(73%) consumed over 6 g/d. According to WHO standard, only 1 840 patients(19%) had salt intake less than 5 g/d. Patients were divided into three groups according to urinary sodium excretion: low, medium and high urinary sodium(urinary sodium excretion were <100, 100-<200 and ≥200 mmol/d), with mean urinary sodium excretion of(69.7±21.0),(145.8±28.0) and(268.7±58.9)mmol/d respectively. Participants in Northwest had the highest urinary sodium excretion with 184.2 mmol/d(equivalent to salt intake 10.8 g/d) while those in the South had the lowest sodium excretion with 111.3 mmol/d(equivalent to salt intake 6.5 g/d). Blood pressure increased with the increase of sodium intake. Conclusions The mean salt intake of hypertensive patients in 23 provinces or cities of China are much higher than the standard of China and WHO. It is important to correct high sodium intake in the management of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 24h尿钠 现状调查 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]