中国土壤重金属污染状况及其风险评价  

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in China

作　　者：纪文贵 王珂 蒙建波 郑金德 周林基 赵华荣[1] JI Wengui;WANG Ke;MENG Jianbo;ZHENG Jinde;ZHOU Linji;ZHAO Huarong(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《农业研究与应用》2020年第5期22-28,共7页Agricultural Research and Application

基　　金：桂林理工大学大学生创新创业计划项目(20190596685)。

摘　　要：为了解我国土壤重金属污染的分布状况,本文基于305篇已发表论文,利用内梅罗指数法和潜在生态危害指数法进行土壤重金属污染评价。结果表明:(1)我国土壤重金属污染等级为清洁、尚清洁、轻度、中度和重度的比例分别为64.59%、9.84%、13.12%、1.64%和10.82%,潜在生态危害等级为轻微、中等、强和很强生态危害的比例分别为92.13%、2.30%、0.94%和4.59%。(2)305个点位中8种土壤重金属元素的点位超标率为:Cd=25.10%、Cr=3.19%、Hg=5.11%、As=8.61%、Pd=2.14%、Cu=8.51%、Zn=7.14%、Ni=0.71%。(3)四大地理区域的土壤重金属污染程度为:西部>中部>东北>东部;潜在生态危害程度为:东北>西部>中部>东部。In order to understand the distribution of soil heavy metal pollution in China,we made an assessment on soil heavy metal pollution by consulting 305 published literatures and using Nemerow index and potential ecological risk index.The results showed that:(1)The soil heavy metal pollution levels are clean,slight clean,light,moderate and severe,respectively at 64.59%,9.84%,13.12%,1.64%,and 10.82%,and the potential ecological hazards are slight,medium,strong and strong,respectively at 92.13%,2.30%,0.94%and 4.59%.(2)The over-standard rates of 8 soil heavy metal elements in 305 sites are:Cd=25.10%,Cr=3.19%,Hg=5.11%,As=8.61%,Pd=2.14%,Cu=8.51%,Zn=7.14%,Ni=0.71%.(3)The soil heavy metal pollution levels in the four geographical regions are as follows:west>middle>northeast>east;the potential ecological harm degrees are:northeast>west>middle>east.

关 键 词：中国 土壤 重金属污染 内梅罗指数法 潜在生态危害指数法 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825