停加红糖对凡纳滨对虾生物絮团养殖系统水质和氮收支的影响  

Effect of stopping adding brown sugar on water quality and nitrogen budget in biofloc systems cultured with Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：韩天骄 徐武杰[2,3] 徐煜 文国樑[2] 胡晓娟 苏浩昌[2,3] 曹煜成[2,3] HAN Tianjiao;XU Wujie;XU Yu;WEN Guoliang;HU Xiaojuan;SU Haochang;CAO Yucheng(Zhejiang Ocean University/National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture,Zhoushan 316022,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China;Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shenzhen 518121,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学/国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所深圳试验基地,广东深圳518121

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2020年第6期81-88,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD54);国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0900402);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-48);广东省促进经济发展专项(现代渔业发展)(粤农2019B12)。

摘　　要：试验以生物絮团技术(Biofloc technology,BFT)养殖30 d的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)及其池塘水体为基础,设定红糖持续添加组(BS-组)和不添加红糖组(NBS-组),探究在稳定的凡纳滨对虾生物絮团(Bioflic,BF)养殖系统中,适时停止添加红糖对养殖水质和氮收支的影响。在28 d内监测总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2–-N)等,并测定试验前后虾体和投喂饲料的总氮(TN)。结果显示,BS组和NBS组的TAN、NO2–-N均处于较低水平,试验期间两组TAN质量浓度维持在0.02~0.06 mg·L^−1,试验第7天后两组NO2−-N质量浓度在1.00 mg·L^−1以下。研究发现:1)氮收入主要为饲料,占比78.8%;氮输出主要为水体TN,BS组和NBS组的水体TN分别占45.06%和52.55%;2)收获虾体的氮输出分别占21.49%和25.43%,两组的饲料氮利用效率分别为18.14%和23.14%。可见,在稳定的BF养殖系统中适时停止添加红糖,对水体微生物去除TAN和NO2–-N的效果不会产生影响。Based on a 30-day culture of Litopenaeus vannamei and its pond water with biofloc technology(BFT),we set up brown sugar continuous addition(BS)group and non-added brown sugar(NBS)group to explore the effect of stopping adding brown sugar on the water quality and nitrogen budget in L.vannamei biofloc(BF)culture system.The total ammonia nitrogen(TAN)and nitrite nitrogen(NO2–-N)were monitored within 28 d,and the total nitrogen(TN)of shrimp body and feed were measured before and after the experiment.The results show that the concentrations of TAN and NO2−-N in water of BS and NBS groups remained low levels.During the test,the concentrations of TAN in these two groups maintained at 0.02~0.06 mg·L^−1,and after the 7th day,that of NO2−-N was lower than 1.00 mg·L^−1.The results indicate that the main nitrogen income was feed,which accounted for 78.8%;the main nitrogen output was water TN,which accounted for 45.06%and 52.55%in BS and NBS groups,respectively;the nitrogen output of harvested shrimps accounted for 21.49%and 25.43%,respectively,and the nitrogen utilization efficiencies of feed in the two groups were 18.14%and 23.14%,respectively.Thus,it is concluded that the removal effects of TAN and NO2–-N by microorganisms in water body will not be affected if brown sugar is stopped in a stable BF culture system.

关 键 词：生物絮团技术 凡纳滨对虾 红糖 水质 氮收支 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]