羊草不同地理种群表型变异及其对根茎克隆繁殖的影响  

Phenotypic variations among Leymus chinensis populations from differentgeographical areas and effects of variations on clonal propagation of the rhizome

作　　者：白乌云 侯向阳[1] 武自念[1] 田春育[1] 丁勇 BAI Wu-yun;HOU Xiang-yang;WU Zi-nian;TIAN Chun-yu;DING Yong(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010019,China;Chemistry and Environ-mental Science College of Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environ-mental Chemistry,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古师范大学化学与环境科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区环境化学重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《草业学报》2020年第12期86-94,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古科技计划项目(201802081);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2020MS03055);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY20018);内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2020ZD06)资助。

摘　　要：羊草是我国重要优良牧草之一,广泛分布于欧亚草原,由于资源环境的多样性和自然选择的复杂性,羊草种群发生了丰富的表型变异。以不同地理来源的66份羊草为试验材料,采用同质园试验方法,研究了羊草种群间表型和繁殖相关性状的变异情况,用曲线拟合和偏最小二乘回归分析研究了变量性状对羊草根茎克隆无性繁殖的影响。主要结论如下:1)不同地理来源羊草的表型和繁殖性状存在显著差异,原生境条件对羊草表型和繁殖产生了深刻而长久的影响。2)羊草不同性状的变异程度有所不同,叶片性状的变异最小,根茎子株相关性状的变异大于空间扩展相关性状。3)线性函数可较好地描述羊草根茎克隆生长力与主要变量性状间的关系。4)表型性状茎长、株高、叶宽和叶片大小,分蘖能力相关性状母株分蘖增加倍数对羊草根茎克隆生长力的解释作用强。总之,叶片宽大、茎长和株高方面有优势、分蘖能力强的羊草的根茎克隆无性繁殖能力相应也强。Leymus chinensis is one of the most important forages in China,and it is widely distributed on the Eurasian steppes.Populations of L.chinensis show a high degree of phenotypic variation because of complex natural selection and the diverse environmental conditions in its wide habitat range.A common garden experiment was performed with 66 L.chinensis ramets from split geographical origins.We evaluated intraspecific variations of traits related to phenotype and reproduction of L.chinensis.Curve fitting and partial least squares regression analysis were used to analyze the effects of variable traits on the clonal propagation of L.chinensis rhizomes.The main conclusions were as follows:1)The phenotypic and reproductive traits of L.chinensis from split geographical origins were significantly different.The environmental conditions in the original habitat had a profound and long-term effect on the phenotype and reproduction of L.chinensis.2)The magnitude of variation differed among different traits.Leaf-related traits showed the smallest variations.Traits related to extravaginal ramets were more diverse than traits related to spatial expansion.3)A linear relationship described the relationship between the comprehensive ability to grow clonally and the main variable traits of L.chinensis.4)Stem height,plant height,leaf width,leaf size,and the production of multiple parent-type ramets through tillering had strong explanatory effects on the ability of L.chinensis rhizomes to grow clonally.In summary,the capacity for asexual propagation from the rhizome was strongest in L.chinensis plants with wide,large leaves.The plants with greater stem height,plant height,and strong tillering ability also showed a relatively strong capacity for asexual propagation.

关 键 词：羊草 表型 无性繁殖 根茎 克隆生长 种内变异 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]