《明治二十七八年日清战史》编纂问题再考——兼论日本官修战史的编纂  

A Restudy on the Compilation of Meiji nijushichihachinen nisshin senshi:With a Study on the Compilation of Japanese Official War History

作　　者：吉辰 Ji Chen

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,珠海

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2020年第4期134-152,261,共20页The World History Review

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划2020年度青年项目《日本稀见甲午战争史料的整理与研究》(GD20YZL01)的阶段性成果,。

摘　　要：日本军方于1896年起决定编纂官方的甲午战史。由于统合陆海军的计划失败,参谋本部独自编纂《明治二十七八年日清战史》作为陆军的官修甲午战史。编纂工作以参谋本部编纂部(后为第四部)为主体,亦有部外人员参与,投入力度相当大。1903年起,编纂方针发生了很大改变,主要包括美化日方的开战、避免针对日军行动的军事学术评判以及削减篇幅。对福岛县立图书馆佐藤文库藏《战史》草案的史料学分析能够印证这样的转变。《战史》对以后日本官修战史的编纂影响深远,乃至在战后编纂的《战史丛书》中亦可看出这样的传承。The Japanese military decided to compile the official war history of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894—1895 in 1896.Due to the failure of the plan to combine the army and the navy,the Japanese General Staff independently compiled Meiji nijushichihachinen nisshin senshi as the army’s official history of this war.The compilation work was dominated by the Compilation Department(later the 4th Department)of the Japanese General Staff,with the participation of outsiders,and the input was considerable.Since 1903,the policy of compilation had undergone great changes,mainly including glamorizing the outbreak of war,avoiding academic judgments on Japanese military actions,and reducing the length of the text.The textual examination on the draft of Meiji nijushichihachinen nisshin Senshi preserved in Sato Bunko of the Fukushima Prefectural Library can confirm these changes.Meiji nijushichihachinen nisshin Senshi had a far-reaching influence on the later compilation of Japanese official war history,and this inheritance can even be seen in Senshi sosho compiled after the World War II.

关 键 词：《明治二十七八年日清战史》 《明治二十七八年日清战史》 草案 日本官修战史 战史编纂 

分 类 号：G25[文化科学—图书馆学]