山溪性卵石河道水力特性的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Mountain Stream Pebble Channels

作　　者：叶芳 刘焕芳[1] 程勇 黄海涛 谢淑华 YE Fang;LIU Huan-fang;CHENG Yong;HUANG Hai-tao;XIE Shu-hua(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西咸阳712100

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2020年第12期109-113,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51569029)。

摘　　要：为研究山溪性卵石河道中摩阻流速、切应力随流量等水力特性的变化规律,设置5组流量、3组坡度、3组泥沙级配共45组水槽试验进行研究。结果表明,摩阻流速、边壁平均切应力、底部平均切应力均随流量增加而增加;摩阻流速变化速率与坡度呈正比,与粒径呈反比;3组坡度下,底部平均切应力随粒径增大分别增加了7.76%、5.57%、4.24%;3组粒径下,边壁平均切应力变化速率随坡度增加分别加快了9.76%、8.68%、7.50%。结合试验实测数据,回归分析得到底部与边壁平均切应力的经验公式,公式修正后相关系数分别为0.8516、0.9416。说明变量间存在较强相关性,且公式具有一定准确性,可为研究山溪性卵石河道的水流阻力、泥沙输运等提供理论支持和计算参考。In order to study the change law of hydraulic characteristics of friction velocity,shear stress with flow in the mountain stream pebble channel,a total of 45 sets of tests were carried out through setting up 5 sets of flow,3 sets of slope,3 sets of sediment grading.The test results show that the friction velocity,the average shear stress of the side wall,and the bottom average shear stress increase with the increase of the flow;The ratio of the friction velocity change is proportional to the slope and inversely proportional to the particle size;Under 3 sets of slope,the average shear stress at the bottom increases by 7.76%,5.57%,and 4.24% with the increase of particle size.Under three groups of particle size,the average shear stress rate of the side wall increases with the increase of slope by 9.76%,8.68%and 7.50%,respectively.Combined with the measured data of the experiment,the empirical formula of the average shear stress of the bottom and the side wall were obtained by regression analysis.The correlation coefficients of the formula are 0.851 6 and0.941 6,respectively.It shows that there is a strong correlation between the variables,and the formula has certain accuracy,which can provide theoretical support and calculation reference for the study of water flow resistance and sediment transport in mountainous pebble channels.

关 键 词：山溪性河道 变坡水槽 变流量 变泥沙粒径 摩阻流速 切应力 

分 类 号：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]