电网电磁暂态过程对起搏器植入术后人体电磁环境影响的模拟研究  

Modelling of Electromagnetic Field in Human Body with Pacemaker Implanted Under the Influence of Transient Processes in Power Network

作　　者：卢武 李吉程 黄冬[2] 丁苒苒 赵文彬 周游 LU Wu;LI Jicheng;HUANG Dong;DING Ranran;ZHAO Wenbin;ZHOU You(School of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;Division of Cardiology,the Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200233,China;Hunan Province 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Clean Energy and Smart Grid,School of Electrical&Information Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学电气工程学院,上海200090 [2]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院心内科,上海200233 [3]长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院清洁能源与智能电网2011协同创新中心,长沙410114

出　　处：《高电压技术》2020年第11期4077-4086,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51707113)。

摘　　要：目前对心脏起搏器抗电磁干扰能力研究主要集中在医疗场景,而可以产生高频强电磁辐射的电网暂态过程对术后电力工人体内电磁环境的影响尚无定论。利用猪心与肋排组织浸入生理盐水,搭建了起搏器植入术后人体等效模型,采用μs级脉冲大电流模拟产生电网暂态过程中强电磁辐射,探究了电流幅值、导线相对方向、人体电解质质量浓度和皮下脂肪厚度对体内电磁感应强度的影响与变化规律。研究结果表明,电网暂态过程中瞬时过电流产生的强磁场可能在起搏器植入患者体内感应出高频脉冲电压,且这种感应电压随着电流源幅值的增加和皮下脂肪厚度的减少而显著增强。为降低体内感应电压,提出了一种交叉式连接的囊袋中起搏器导线缠绕方式。实验表明,采用交叉式连接代替平行式连接能够明显减弱同样电磁环境下的感应电压,为易暴露于电场暂态过程的起搏器植入患者的职业防护措施制定做出参考。At present,the research on the electromagnetic interference(EMI)of implanted pacemaker focuses on medical radiations.However,the EMI caused by power system transients on implanted pacemaker is not clear.In this paper,an artificial human body model was established by connecting pacemaker to a pork heart immersed in saline solution.Microsecond pulsed currents were produced to simulate transient processes occurring in nearby power network of the human body model.Effects of the magnitude of current,the direction of conductors,the thickness of subcutaneous fat,and saline weight concentration level on human electromagnetic field were investigated.Experimental results indicate that during transient processes,EMI with the similar magnitude of output pulses of pacemaker exists.The severity of EMI increases with the increase of magnitude of current and thickness of subcutaneous fat.In order to reduce EMI,a novel interwinding form of handling leads in pocket is proposed.By changing the winding of pacing leads from parallel to interwinding form,the induced EMI by external transient processes can be reduced obviously.Eventually,recommendations are made to assist pacemaker wearers who may be exposed to EMI created by power system transients.

关 键 词：电磁干扰 心脏起搏器 暂态过程 人体电磁环境 过电流 

分 类 号：TM712[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] R541[医药卫生—心血管疾病]