新疆灰杨优良林分和优良单株种质资源调查及现状分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Germplasm Resources of Superior Stands and Fine Individual Plants of Populus pruinosa in Xinjiang

作　　者：员纪勇 韩晓丽 李志军 韩占江 焦培培 梁继业[3] YUAN Jiyong;HAN Xiaoli;LI Zhijun;HAN Zhanjiang;JIAO Peipei;LIANG Jiye(Forestry Planning and Design Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China;College of Life Sciences, Tarim University / Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio - resources in the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / Research Center of Populus euphratica,Aral, Xinjiang 843300, China;College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Aral, Xinjiang 843300, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区林业规划设计院,新疆乌鲁木齐830001 [2]塔里木大学生命科学学院/新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室/胡杨研究中心,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2020年第6期133-139,共7页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重点领域创新团队建设计划项目“胡杨种质资源保护与挖掘利用”(2018CB003).

摘　　要：通过全面清查法对新疆灰杨优良林分和优良单株种质资源进行信息采集并分析资源现状及存在的问题。结果表明,14个灰杨优良林分分布在新疆2个地(州、市)的8个县(市、区),其分布行政单元数及资源数以阿克苏地区居多,15个灰杨优良单株分布在新疆3个地(州、市)的9个县(市、区),其分布行政单元数及资源数以喀什地区最多;优良林分的生长阶段以成年(35.7%)和老熟阶段(28.6%)占优势,优良单株种质资源以成年阶段(40%)占优势;灰杨优良林分干旱荒漠、荒漠河岸、农田生境比例依次为7.1%、85.7%、7.1%,优良单株干旱荒漠、荒漠河岸、农田、市区生境类型比例依次为6.7%、20%、46.6%、26.7%,表明灰杨优良单株种质资源的生境受到更多的人为活动干扰和影响。建议优先保护生境受到干扰的优良林分和优良单株种质资源,特别是生长处于衰老生长阶段的种质资源;在原地保护的基础上加强迁地保护和DNA保存。To investigate the current situation and existing problems of superior stands and fine individual plants germplasm resources of Populus pruinosa,the method of comprehensive investigation was adopted to collect and analyze the information of germplasm resources of P.pruinosa.The results showed that there were 14 superior stands of P.pruinosa in 8 counties(cities,districts)of 2 regions(prefectures,cities)in Xinjiang,among which the number of superior stand germplasm resources in Aksu was largest,and there were 15 fine individual plants of P.pruinosa in 9 counties(cities,districts)of 3 regions(prefectures,cities),among which the number of individual plants in Kashi was largest.The adult stage(35.7%)and the mature stage(28.6%)were dominated in growth stages of the 14 superior stands of P.pruinosa,and the adult stage(40%)was dominated in growth stages of the 15 fine individual plants germplasm resources of P.pruinosa.The proportions of superior stands of P.pruinosa distributed in arid desert,desert riparian and farmland habitats were 7.1%,85.7%and 7.1%,respectively.And the proportions of fine individual plants distributed in arid desert,desert riparian,farmland and urban habitats were 6.7%,20%,46.6%and 26.7%.These results indicated that the habitats of the fine individual plants germplasm resources of P.pruinosa were more susceptible to interference and influence by human activities.This paper suggested to give priority to the protecting of superior stands and fine individual plants germplasm resources of P.pruinosa that were easily disturbed in the habitat,especially the germplasm resources of P.pruinosa at the senescence stage,as well as strengthen the ex-situ conservation and DNA preservation on the basis of in-situ conservation of P.pruinosa.

关 键 词：灰杨 优良林分 优良单株 行政区域分布 生长阶段 生境 新疆维吾尔自治区 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S757.3[农业科学—林学]