矿石提锂技术现状与研究进展  

Current Status and Research Progress of Lithium Extraction Technology from Ore

作　　者：张秀峰[1,2] 谭秀民 刘维燥[3] 王威 张利珍 ZHANG Xiufeng;TAN Xiumin;LIU Weizao;WANG Wei;ZHANG Lizhen(Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS ,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Key Laboratory for Polymetallic Ores' Evaluation and Utilization, MNR, Zhengzhou 450006, China;College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所,河南郑州450006 [2]自然资源部多金属矿综合利用评价重点实验室,河南郑州450006 [3]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2020年第5期17-23,共7页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20201174);河南省科技攻关项目(182102310913)。

摘　　要：锂是新能源产业发展不可或缺的关键矿产原料。2018年锂电池行业的锂消费量占比56%,超过其它行业锂消费量的总和。尽管卤水锂资源总量占据优势,并且卤水提锂成本低于矿石提锂,但2018年以来矿石提锂产量超过卤水提锂产量,未来矿石提锂产量占比仍将进一步提高。基于矿石提锂的举足轻重地位,对锂辉石、锂云母、铁锂云母、透锂长石和磷锂铝石等岩石矿物提锂技术进行综述,总结分析硫酸法、石灰烧结法、硫酸盐法、氯化焙烧法和压煮法在矿石提锂方面的研究进展,指出未来矿石提锂技术趋势是降能耗、降成本。Lithium is an indispensable critical mineral raw material for the development of new energy industries.With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage industries,lithium consumed in rechargeable lithium batteries is increasing year by year.In 2018,the lithium consumption of the lithium battery industry accounted for 56%,exceeding the total lithium consumption of other industries.However,the output of lithium extraction from ore has exceeded the output of lithium extraction from brine since 2018.The proportion of lithium extraction from ore will continue to increase in the future.Because of the pivotal status of lithium extraction from ore,this paper summarizes the lithium extraction technologies from rock minerals such as spodumene,lepidolite,zinnwaldite,petalite and amblygonite,and discusses the research progress of lithium extraction technologies such as sulfuric acid method,lime sintering method,sulfate method,chlorination roasting method and pressure cooking method.It is pointed out that the future trend of lithium extraction from ore is to reduce energy consumption and cost.

关 键 词：矿石提锂 锂辉石 锂云母 铁锂云母 透锂长石 磷锂铝石 

分 类 号：TF826+.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TD955[矿业工程—选矿]