生活垃圾渗滤液中43种新兴有机污染物分布特征与环境风险  

Distribution and environmental risks of 43 emerging contaminants in municipal solid waste leachate

作　　者：王坤 赵玉杰 庄涛 WANG Kun;ZHAO Yujie;ZHUANG Tao(Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety,Agro-Environmental Protection Institution,Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191;Jinan Environmental Research Academy,Jinan Shandong 250101)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农产品质量安全环境因子控制重点实验室,农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [2]济南市环境研究院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第12期1523-1530,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41801089);农业农村部开放基金重点资助项目(No.20181006)。

摘　　要：选取济南市最大的生活垃圾填埋场为研究对象,检测生活垃圾渗滤液和填埋场周边地下水中43种新兴有机污染物(ECs)的浓度水平,分析渗滤液中ECs分布特征和去除效果,探讨其对地下水环境中ECs污染的贡献,并根据风险商值(HQs)对ECs进行生态风险评估。结果表明:(1)渗滤液中共检测到11种ECs,检出频率为11.8%~100.0%;(2)物化预处理单元对ECs表现出显著“负去除”效果,经过两级碟管式反渗透(DTRO)和紫外消毒单元后最终出水中仅可检测到6种ECs,检出质量浓度比进水减少了82.7%~100.0%(辛基酚(OP)除外);(3)地下水中共检出7种ECs,包含磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SDM)、磺胺甲基异噁唑(SMX)、阿奇霉素(AZI)、壬基酚(NP)、双酚A(BPA)和OP,检出质量浓度为2.1~38.9 ng/L。地下水下游ECs污染明显比上游严重,污染程度大体随监测井与填埋场距离减少而增加;(4)HQs结果显示,BPA、NP和OP处于高风险等级,SMX处于中等风险等级,能对地下水中敏感生物构成不同程度威胁。The largest municipal solid waste(MSW)landfill in Jinan was selected as the investigation target,and the concentration levels of 43 emerging contaminants(ECs)in leachate and groundwater were measured to elucidate the distribution and removal efficiencies of the target ECs in leachate,as well as to investigate the contribution of leachate to the ECs contamination in groundwater.Meanwhile,hazard quotients(HQs)of the ECs were calculated to assess their ecological risks.The results showed:(1)a total of 11 ECs were detected in leachate,and the detection frequency ranged from 11.8%to 100.0%.(2)A“negative removal”effect on the ECs in leachate was observed in the preliminary physical-chemical treatment stage.While in the final effluent,only 6 ECs were detected,and their concentrations were 82.7%-100.0%lower than those in influent(except for OP),due to the principal membrane(two-stage DTRO)and UV disinfection treatment processes.(3)7 ECs,including SDZ,SDM,SMX,AZI,NP,BPA and OP,at the detection mass concentration of 2.1-38.9 ng/L,were detected in groundwater.The ECs contamination was higher in downstream than in upstream of the groundwater,and the contamination level increased with the distance between landfill and groundwater decreasing.(4)HQs analysis indicated that BPA,OP and NP were in high risk level,and SMX was in medium risk level,which could cause various threats to the sensitive organism in groundwater.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 渗滤液处理 去除效果 生态环境效应 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]