宽厚比对双杆连续挤压6063铝合金焊合质量的影响  

Effect of Width-to-thickness Ratio of Product on the Welding Quality of 6063 Aluminum Alloy During Continuous Extrusion with Double Billets

作　　者：赵颖[1] 裴久杨[1] 郭丽丽[1] 运新兵[1] 马怀超 李冰[1] ZHAO Ying;PEI Jiuyang;GUO Lili;YUN Xinbing;MA Huaichao;LI Bing(Engineering Research Center of Continuous Extrusion,Ministry of Education,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学连续挤压教育部工程研究中心,大连116028

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第24期24114-24120,24126,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51705062);辽宁省教育厅基金项目(JDL2019021,JDL2017020)。

摘　　要：在连续挤压过程中,采用双杆连续挤压焊合的方法,适于成形宽铝合金壁板产品。然而,坯料与坯料之间焊合所形成的挤压焊缝会影响挤压产品的质量。通过显微组织观察、拉伸实验、断口分析和有限元模拟,研究了6063铝合金双杆连续挤压过程中产品宽厚比对焊合过程各焊合参数和最终产品焊合性能的影响,并建立了预测双杆连续挤压焊合质量的评估模型。结果表明,随着产品宽厚比λ由10增加到40,金属的变形程度增加,焊缝处氧化物颗粒的破碎程度逐渐增大,挤压焊缝逐渐由粗变细,产品焊合性能提高。数值模拟结果表明,随产品宽厚比的增加,焊合面上的焊合压力、焊合温度、等效应变速率和焊合速度均显著提高;并在此基础上分析了排除死区的有效焊合路径上压力-时间-等效应变速率J焊合判定参数值的变化规律,计算得出焊合判定参数分别在焊合路径起点和模口处出现两次峰值,分别是最大焊合压力和最大等效应变速率所引起的;同时,随产品宽厚比的增加,J值呈现先迅速增加后缓慢增加的趋势,与拉伸实验结果吻合较好,能准确预测双杆连续挤压产品的焊合质量。During continuous extrusion,the combination of extrusion and weld formation of two billets is suitable for the extrusion of aluminum alloy pa-nels.However,the weld is formed at the confluence of two billets during parallel extrusion.In this study,the influences of the width-to-thickness ratio on the welding parameters and the welding properties of the product were investigated through microstructure observation,tensile test,SEM and finite element simulation analysis.The evaluation model for predicting the welding quality of product of continuous extrusion was established.The results show that with the ratio of width-to-thickness increases from 10 to 40,the deformation of the metal increases gradually,the weld seam gradually becomes fine,and the welding quality of the product is improved.Based on the results of numerical simulation,the variation rules of J welding parameters on the effective welding path excluding dead metal zone are analyzed.It is concluded that J values of characteristic points have two peaks at the starting point of welding path and die port,which are caused by the maximum welding pressure and the maximum equivalent strain rate respectively.With the increase of width-to-thickness ratio,J value shows a trend of rapidly increasing first and then slowly increasing,which is in agreement with the results of tensile test.So it can predict the welding quality of continuous extrusion with double billets accurately.

关 键 词：双杆连续挤压 6063铝合金 数值模拟 产品宽厚比 焊合质量 

分 类 号：TG376.9[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]