带式残膜揉搓打包机设计与试验  

Design and test of the belt-type residual film rubbing and baling machine

作　　者：王征 王吉奎[1,2] 唐永飞 罗勇军 Wang Zheng;Wang Jikui;Tang Yongfei;Luo Yongjun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,石河子832003 [2]农业农村部西北农业装备重点实验室,石河子832003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第19期11-18,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51465050);石河子大学成果转化与技术推广计划项目(CGZH201907)。

摘　　要：针对国内现有残膜回收机械作业时不能打包,回收的残膜松散,导致残膜转运和存放不方便、易随风飘散造成二次污染等问题,研究设计了一种带式残膜揉搓打包机。该打包机主要由揉搓机构、浮动式喂入机构、传动系统和液压系统等部分组成。该揉搓机构是带式残膜揉搓打包机的核心部件,在张紧机构和浮动式喂入机构辅助下,将回收的残膜揉搓打包。通过对主要工作部件的设计,确定了揉搓机构和浮动式喂入机构的结构尺寸参数,并对残膜包的形成过程进行分析,确定了影响打包质量的主要因素为打包室方位角和打包带表面形态。田间试验表明:在打包带适度张紧的条件下,打包室方位角为-5.0°~2.5°,打包带表面为波纹面,打包带线速度为2.0 m/s时,残膜成包率为100%,残膜包密度在88.5~92.1 kg/m^3之间;在回收残膜含杂相同的情况下,残膜包密度与打包带线速度有关,打包带线速度越大,残膜包密度越大,但打包带线速度超过2.5 m/s以后,残膜包密度增加趋势减缓。带式残膜揉搓打包机结构简单、使用方便、满足残膜打包技术的要求,研究结果对新型残膜打包机的研制提供参考。There are some problems existing in the domestic residual film recycling machinery,such as unable to bale,recovered film was loose,which leads to inconvenient transportation and storage,and easy to drift with the wind,resulting in secondary pollution and so on.In order to solve these problems,the belt-type residual film rubbing and baling machine was designed.The machine mainly consisted of rubbing mechanism,floating feeding mechanism,transmission system and hydraulic system,etc.The rubbing mechanism mainly consisted of front and back baling belts,support rollers,side plates and tensioning mechanism,etc.The baling belts rotated counterclockwise around the upper and lower support rollers,and the tension roller under the driving of the transmission system.The floating feeding mechanism mainly consisted of feeding roller,U-shaped support frame,bearing with sliding seat,and compression spring,etc.It was fixed to the upper end of the connecting plate,and the feeding roller rotated clockwise under the frictional force of the back baling belt.Through the design of the rubbing mechanism and the force analysis of the residual film,the structural dimension parameters of the baling room were determined,which contained the azimuth of the baling room was 0°,the angle of the baling room was 15°,the gap between the front and back of the upper end of the baling room was 15 mm,the gap between the front and back of the bottom of the baling room was 2 mm,the angle between the back baling belt and the horizontal direction was 25°,and the baling belt used PVC conveyor belt.The function of tension mechanism was to make the baling belt keep a certain degree of tension,so as to prevent the belt from slipping,keep the residual film bale baling under continuous pressure,and ensure the compactness of the residual film bale.Through the mechanical analysis of the formation of the residual film bale,the mechanical equation of the residual film core in the baling room was obtained,and then the rotational torque equation of the residual film

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 残膜 打包机 揉搓机构 浮动式喂入机构 

分 类 号：S223.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]