2000—2018年坝上高原湿地遥感动态监测与生态环境变迁  

Remote sensing dynamic monitoring and ecological environmental changes of Bashang Plateau wetland from 2000 to 2018

作　　者：揭文辉[1] 张策[1] 汪冰[1] 张恩[1] 牛海威 李婧玥 董双发[1] JIE Wenhui;ZHANG Ce;WANG Bing;ZHANG En;NIU Haiwei;LI Jingyue;DONG Shuangfa(Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry,Shijiazhuang 050002,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业航测遥感中心,河北石家庄050002

出　　处：《矿产勘查》2020年第12期2720-2728,共9页Mineral Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“全国地球关键带遥感地质调查”(编号:DD20190536)资助。

摘　　要：坝上高原湿地的存在对于维护京津地区的生态安全,促进区域发展具有十分重要的作用,坝上高原属典型的气候过渡区与农牧交错区,生态环境极其脆弱,随着社会经济的持续发展和人口数量的不断增加,越来越多的因素威胁着坝上高原湿地的安全而导致其生态环境的变迁。本文获取坝上高原2000年(ETM+)、2010年(TM)、2018年(Landsat 8 OLI) 3期遥感影像数据,进行湿地信息提取,结果表明:2000-2018年,研究区湿地面积从796.90 km2减少至666.24 km2,湿地资源斑块数从731块减少至316块,18年间,湿地资源面积减少速度为7.26 km2/a;从湿地类型变化来看,主要是湖泊湿地面积的减少,减少106.2km2,斑块数减少242块,湖泊湿地面积的减少在2010-2018年阶段速度较快,减少速度为8.70 km2/a;从湿地资源变化空间分布来看,坝上高原西部萎缩趋势整体高于东部,坝上高原湿地面积的减少主要体现在西北内流区,西北内流区湿地面积减少97.86 km2,占整个坝上高原湿地减少面积的74.90%,斑块数减少366块,占整个坝上高原湿地斑块减少数量的88.19%。The existence of the Bashang Plateau wetland has a very important strategic role in maintaining the ecological security of the Beijing-Tianjin area and promoting regional development,The Bashang Plateau is a typical climate transition zone and agro-pastoral ecotone,The ecological environment is extremely fragile,With the continuous development of society and economy and the continuous increase in population,more and more factors threaten the safety of the Bashang Plateau wetland. In this paper,we obtained the remote sensing image data of Bashang Plateau in the three phases of high water season in 2000( ETM +),2010( TM) and 2018( Landsat 8 OLI),and extracted wetland information,The results show that from 2000 to 2018,the wetland area in the study area decreased from 796. 90 km^2 to 666. 24 km^2,and the number of wetland resource patches decreased from 731 to 316. In 18 years,the wetland resource area decreased at a rate of 7. 26 km^2/year;In terms of changes in wetland types,the main reason is the decrease in the area of lake wetlands,a decrease of 106. 2 km^2,and a decrease in the number of patches by 242,The reduction of lake wetland area was rapid in the period 2010-2018,with a reduction rate of 8. 70 km^2/year;From the perspective of the spatial distribution of changes in wetland resources,the shrinking trend of the western part of the Bashang Plateau is higher than that of the east as a whole. The decrease in the wetland area of the Bashang Plateau is mainly reflected in the northwestern inflow region,The wetland area in the northwestern inflow region decreased by 97. 86 km^2,accounting for 74. 90% of the total area of the wetland on the Bashang Plateau,the number of patches decreased by 366,and 88. 19% of the total number of wetlands on the Bashang Plateau.

关 键 词：湿地 生态环境变迁 遥感 动态监测 坝上高原 河北 内蒙古 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]