温度和播种深度对武当木兰种子萌发和幼苗建成的影响  

Influence of temperature and sowing depth on seed germination and seedling establishment of Magnolia sprengeri

作　　者：张彤 刘伟[1] 尹冬雪 齐中华 ZHANG Tong;LIU Wei;YIN Dongxue;QI Zhonghua(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471000,China;College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471003,China;Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Suixian County in Henan Province,Suixian County,Henan 476900,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]河南科技大学农业装备工程学院,河南洛阳471003 [3]河南省睢县农业科学研究所,河南睢县476900

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期691-697,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81803659);河南省科学技术厅科技攻关计划项目(182102110165);河南科技大学博士科研启动基金项目(13480075)。

摘　　要：设置温度(10、15、20、25、28、30、35℃7个恒温和35℃→25℃、30℃→20℃、28℃→15℃、25℃→15℃、20℃→10℃5个昼夜变温)和播种深度(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0和5.0 cm)2个影响因素,采用人工气候培养箱培养武当木兰(Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.),测定种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、发芽速率、活力指数和幼苗存活数量、侧根数、叶片数、幼苗的主根长、最大侧根长、株高、基径、单株叶面积、幼苗鲜重、幼苗存活率等指标,研究温度和播种深度对武当木兰种子萌发和幼苗建成的影响。结果表明,在恒温28℃、28℃→15℃昼夜变温、播种深度为2 cm时,武当木兰的种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、发芽速率、幼苗株高、叶片数、基径、主根长、侧根数、最大侧根长、单株叶面积、鲜重、幼苗存活率均达到最大值。综合评价,温度是影响种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽速率的主要因素,播种深度是影响幼苗存活率的主要因素。武当木兰种子萌发和幼苗建成的最适条件是28℃恒温、播种深度2 cm。In this study,two factors including temperature(7 constant temperatures of 10,15,20,25,28,30 and 35℃;5 day/night temperature conditions of 35℃→25℃,30℃→20℃,28℃→15℃,25℃→15℃,20℃→10℃)and sowing depth(0,0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0 and 5.0 cm)were reasonably set for cultivation of Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.through artificial climate incubator.Seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,germination rate,vigor index and survive number of seedling,number of lateral roots,number of leaves,main root length,maximum lateral root length,plant height,base diameter,leaf area per seedling,fresh weight and seedling survival rate were determined to study the effects of temperature and sowing depth on seed germination and seedling establishment of Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.The study found that seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,germination rate,plant height,number of leaves,base diameter,main root length,number of lateral roots,maximum lateral root length,leaf area per seedling,fresh weight and seedling survival rate all reached the maximum at constant temperature of 28℃,28℃→15℃day/night changing temperature,and sowing depth of 2 cm.Integrative evaluation of the influence of the two factors on seed germination and seedling establishment showed that temperature is the dominant factor affecting seed germination rate,germination potential and germination rate and sowing depth is the dominant factor affecting seedling survival rate.Constant temperature of 28℃and sowing depth of 2 cm are suggested as the most appropriate conditions for seed germination and seedling establishment of M.sprengeri.

关 键 词：武当木兰 温度 播种深度 种子萌发 幼苗建成 

分 类 号：S685.150.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]