湖南旱地土壤铝的化学结合形态垂直分布及其发生学特征  

Vertical distribution and their genetic characteristics of chemically combined forms of aluminum in upland soils of Hunan Province

作　　者：彭世清 欧阳宁相 张杨珠[1] 盛浩[1] 周清[1] PENG Shiqing;OUYANG Ningxiang;ZHANG Yangzhu;SHENG Hao;ZHOU Qing(College of Resources&Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期723-732,共10页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110200);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2018B410)。

摘　　要：选取湖南省不同地区第四纪红色黏土、石灰岩风化物、紫色页岩风化物、花岗岩风化物等4种母质发育的12个典型土壤剖面的分层土样进行分析,探究土壤铝的化学结合形态在不同的土壤剖面、不同母质、各特征土层和不同土壤类型间的分布,及其与各土壤基本理化性质的相关关系。结果表明:供试土壤中,交换态铝(Ex–Al)、吸附态无机羟基铝(Hy–Al)、有机配合态铝(Or–Al)、氧化铁结合态铝(DCB–Al)、层间铝(In–Al)、非晶态铝硅酸盐及三水铝石(Nc–Al)、矿物态铝(Min–Al)、全铝(Alt)质量分数在表土层分别为(0.31±0.24)、(1.57±0.80)、(7.24±4.77)、(2.47±1.72)、(5.10±2.85)、(18.91±7.91)、(126.78±18.49)、(162.37±24.86)g/kg,在表下层分别为(0.26±0.18)、(1.24±0.89)、(4.17±3.09)、(3.24±2.69)、(6.09±2.97)、(23.81±10.68)、(122.13±40.12)、(160.91±51.39)g/kg,在母质层分别为(0.16±0.16)、(1.09±0.92)、(2.93±2.46)、(2.61±2.67)、(5.49±3.12)、(21.81±9.94)、(137.44±27.01)、(171.53±32.79)g/kg;在土壤剖面上,Ex–Al、Hy–Al和Or–Al质量分数随土层深度的增加逐渐降低,而DCB–Al、In–Al、Nc–Al质量分数则先增加后减小;在4类母质中,表土层中的Ex–Al质量分数在第四纪红土发育土壤中的最高,表下层和母质层中的Ex–Al质量分数在花岗岩风化物发育土壤中的最高,Hy–Al和In–Al质量分数在花岗岩风化物发育的土壤中最高,Or–Al和DCB–Al质量分数在石灰岩风化物发育的土壤中最高,表土层和表下层中的Nc–Al质量分数在石灰岩风化物发育土壤中的最高,而母质层中的Nc–Al则在花岗岩风化物发育土壤中的最高;在6种特征土层中,Ex–Al、DCB–Al、In–Al和Nc–Al质量分数在低活性富铁层中最高,而Hy–Al和Or–Al质量分数则在腐殖质表层中最高;在4种土壤类型中,富铁土中的Ex–Al、DCB–Al、In–Al和Nc–Al质量分数最高,新成土中的Hy–Al和Or–Al�To investigate the chemical combination forms of soil aluminum and its variation in different soil profiles,parent materials,characteristic soil layers and soil types,this study selected layered soil samples from 12 typical soil profiles of 4 parent materials developed in different regions of Hunan Province as the experimental material.The results indicated the mass fractions of exchanged aluminum(Ex-Al),adsorbed inorganic hydroxy aluminum(Hy-Al),organic complex aluminum(Or-Al),iron oxide-bound aluminum(DCB-Al),interlayer aluminum(In-Al),amorphous aluminosilicate and gibbsite(Nc-Al),mineral aluminum(Min-Al),and total aluminum(Alt)in the test soil were(0.31±0.24),(1.57±0.80),(7.24±4.77),(2.47±1.72),(5.10±2.85),(18.91±7.91),(126.78±18.49),(162.37±24.86)g/kg in the topsoil layer,(0.26±0.18),(1.24±0.89),(4.17±3.09),(3.24±2.69),(6.09±2.97),(23.81±10.68),(122.13±40.12),(160.91±51.39)g/kg in the lower layer of the surface,(0.16±0.16),(1.09±0.92),(2.93±2.46),(2.61±2.67),(5.49±3.12),(21.81±9.94),(137.44±27.01),(171.53±32.79)g/kg in the matrix layer,respectively.On the soil profile,the mass fractions of Ex-Al,Hy-Al and Or-Al gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth,while the mass fractions of DCB-Al,In-Al and Nc-Al increased firstly and then decreased.Among the 4 types of parent materials,the Ex-Al mass fraction in the topsoil layer was the highest in the quaternary red soil,while those in the subsurface layer and the parent material layer were the highest in the granite weathered soil;the mass fractions of Hy-Al and In-Al were the highest in the granite weathered soil;the mass fractions of Or-Al and DCB-Al were the highest in the limestone weathered soil;the Nc-Al mass fraction in the topsoil layer and the subsurface layer were the highest in the limestone weathered soil,while that in the parent layer was the highest in the granite weathered soil.Among the 6 characteristic soil layers,the mass fractions of Ex-Al,DCB-Al,In-Al and Nc-Al were the highest in the low-activity iron-rich layer,

关 键 词：旱地 土壤类型 铝形态 诊断层 成土母质 连续提取法 湖南 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]