基于能量优化的无线传感器网络任播路由算法  

Anycast Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Energy Optimization

作　　者：周文祥 乔学工 ZHOU Wen-xiang;QIAO Xue-gong(Institute of Information and Computer,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学信息与计算机学院,太原030024

出　　处：《计算机科学》2020年第12期291-295,共5页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279122);山西省自然科学基金项目(2012011013-5);山西省软科学基金项目(2014041048-4)。

摘　　要：路由算法是无线传感器网络的关键技术之一,而任播技术是IPv6的三大通信模式之一。任播技术在均衡网络和服务器负载等方面有着广泛的应用前景。为了延长网络生存期,文中提出一种基于能量优化的无线传感器网络任播路由算法。首先对网络所在区域进行分区,然后计算发送节点到各基站路径的路径权重,最后发送节点根据路径权重将数据分路传输。在权重计算中,加入了节点剩余能量作为条件,并添加了低能量阈值,以防止少量路径过度损耗;添加了当前网络的生存期,以调整网络运行前后期能量权重的比重;同时,引入了灰狼算法对路径权重进行优化,找出最优的权重调节参数,以进一步延长网络生存期。仿真结果表明,通过灰狼算法可以找到更好的权重调节参数,使得网络生存期延长;通过与已有无线传感器路由算法进行比较可知,所提算法可获得更长的网络生存期,节点能耗也更加均匀。Routing algorithm is one of the key technologies in wireless sensor networks.Anycast is one of the three major communication modes of IPv6.Anycast has broad application prospects in balancing network and server load.In order to extend the life of the network,this paper proposed a new routing algorithm based on energy optimization.Firstly,this model divides the area where the network is located.Then,it calculates the weight of the path which from the sending nodes to the base stations.Finally,the sending nodes divide and transmit data by path weight.In the weight calculation,the residual energy of the node is added as a condition,a low energy threshold and the current network lifetime are added to prevent excessive loss of certain paths and adjust the proportion of the energy weight before and after the network operation.Meanwhile,it introduces gray wolf optimization(GWO)to optimize path weight and find out the optimal weight adjustment parameters to extend the lifetime of network.The simulation results show that GWO can find better weight adjustment parameters and make lifetime extended.And compared with the existing WSN routing algorithm,the proposed algorithm can achieve longer lifetime and node energy consumption is more uniform.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 灰狼算法 任播 路由 并行传输 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]